Pediatric research
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Preventative effect of ondansetron on postanesthesia shivering in children undergoing caudal anesthesia: a randomized double-blinded clinical trial.
Ondansetron has been shown to decrease postanesthesia shivering in adults, but this effect has never been studied in children. This study aimed to determine whether ondansetron decreases postanesthesia shivering in children undergoing caudal anesthesia. ⋯ Ondansetron decreases postanesthesia shivering in children receiving caudal block after intravenous anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Vitamin D and fetal-neonatal calcium homeostasis: findings from a randomized controlled trial of high-dose antenatal vitamin D supplementation.
There is current interest in the maternal-fetal effects of antenatal vitamin D supplementation, yet little data regarding vitamin D's role in neonatal calcium homeostasis. We determined to assess the effect of high-dose antenatal vitamin D supplementation on fetal and neonatal calcium concentrations. ⋯ High-dose antenatal third-trimester vitamin D supplementation attenuated the early postnatal calcium nadir, without increasing the risk of postnatal hypercalcemia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Septicemia mortality reduction in neonates in a heart rate characteristics monitoring trial.
Abnormal heart rate characteristics (HRC) wax and wane in early stages of culture-positive, late-onset septicemia (LOS) in patients in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Continuously monitoring an HRC index leads to a reduction in mortality among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. We hypothesized that the reduction in mortality was due to a decrease in septicemia-associated mortality. ⋯ Continuous HRC monitoring is associated with a lower septicemia-associated mortality in VLBW infants, possibly due to diagnosis earlier in the course of illness.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Phase 1 study of two inodilators in neonates undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
Inodilators are routinely used in cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Information regarding safety and tolerability of the novel molecule, levosimendan (LEVO), in newborns is anecdotal; no pharmacokinetic data in this population are available. ⋯ LEVO is well tolerated in critically ill neonates. LEVO may have advantages over MR in terms of the dosing regimen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Premedication for intubation with morphine causes prolonged depression of electrocortical background activity in preterm infants.
Sedative and analgesic medications are used in critically ill newborns, but little is known about their effects on electrocortical activity in preterm infants. We hypothesized that morphine might induce prolonged neurodepression, independent of blood pressure, as compared with rapid sequence induction/intubation(RSI). ⋯ Premedication with morphine is associated with prolonged aEEG/EEG depression independent of blood pressure changes and may not be optimal for short procedures.