Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
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The objective of the present study was to elucidate the detailed morphological picture of stab injuries taking into consideration the design of the piercing objects, conditions of wound infliction, and properties of the affected tissues. The experimental injuries were inflicted either by an impact action or compression at an angle of 90 and 45-60 degrees using sharp (0.01 mm) and blunt (0.5 mm) piercing cylinder-conical bevel-edged (40 mm) objects 7 mm in diameter. ⋯ The new morphological features were identified associated with plastic deformation of the skin, viz. the shape of the wound opening, smoothness or borderline thickening of its edges, flattening and folding of epidermis; conditions for the formation of these features were investigated. These data are of importance for the individual and intra-group expert identification of the putative traumatic agents and reconstruction of the circumstances of a given event or offence.
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Forensic medical diagnostics of the injuries to the driver and passengers remains a challenging problem for forensic medical experts investigating traffic accidents. Specifically, the investigators encounter difficulties in the conduction of comprehensive medico-autotechnical studies. The objective of the present work was to propose the algorithm of actions for elucidating not only qualitative but also quantitative characteristics allowing to determine the position of both the driver and the front-seat passenger of the vehicle. This algorithm significantly improves the quality of expert judgment making it more objective and reliable.
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The objective of the present study was to develop the standardized approach to the evaluation of the character of injurious exposure with a view to objective interpretation of the conditions of injury formation and the properties of the traumatic agent. The main attention was given to such parameters of the injurious exposure as loading conditions (mass, speed, direction) and the surface properties of the traumatic agent (area, shape, hardness). It is expected that the use of the proposed system for the evaluation of the injurious exposure in the practical work of forensic medical experts will enhance the reliability of their conclusions and help to avoid mistakes.
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Case Reports
[The determination of the ballistics of a hunting rifle loaded with a Poleva-3 bullet].
Various approaches are considered to determine the shooting range of a hunting rifle loaded with a Poleva-3 bullet from the specific features of gunshot injuries inflicted by container-type Poleba-3 bullets for hunting rifles.