Meditsina truda i promyshlennaia ekologiia
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Current planning in railway hygiene is conducted according to the special requirements of railway industry. Specific medical and prophylactic programs specified are on safety arrangements of railway workers, environmental protection in connection with intensive functioning of railways. The authors represent major prospective trends of research in occupational medicine and industrial ecology for railway transport.
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The authors discuss experience concerning use of risk evaluation methods. Those methods are designed to analyze and evaluate contribution made by air pollution sources into ecologically related risk for population living in territories of ecological hazard (exemplified by Angarsk city). Findings are that use of EPA methods combined with epidemiological risk evaluation technology appears the most effective. This combined approach helps to solve the following problems: 1) evaluation of territory's ecological hazard induced by environmental pollution; 2) estimate of quantitative dependencies of this hazard and health risk from actual composition and source of pollution; 3) disclosure of contribution made by main health risk sources.
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Observation of female health in a region having higher background radiation suggests that Chernobyl plant accident has not induced symptomatic radiation disorders, but actually altered immune system. Chances are that long-term consequences of exposure to radiation will induce higher incidence of immune-related diseases. Females residents of Moscow suburb demonstrated more favorable results of immunologic study, than those of regions exposed to radiation.
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Comparative Study
[Method of determination of ecologically induced actual risk for human health and the degree of stress in medical and ecological situations].
Lipetsk town area was ranked according to maximal or minimal actual risk for public health (with consideration of medical and ecologic situation if influenced by technogenic hazards. That ranking enables to suggest municipal measures aimed at protection of population of ecologic hazards.