Physiological reports
-
Physiological reports · Jul 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of all-out sprint interval training under hyperoxia on exercise performance.
All-out sprint interval training (SIT) is speculated to be an effective and time-efficient training regimen to improve the performance of aerobic and anaerobic exercises. SIT under hypoxia causes greater improvements in anaerobic exercise performance compared with that under normoxia. The change in oxygen concentration may affect SIT-induced performance adaptations. ⋯ The accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) during 90-sec maximal exercise test significantly increased only in the NST group. The average values of mean power outputs over four bouts during the acute SIT test significantly improved only in the NST group. These findings suggest that all-out SIT might induce greater improvement in aerobic exercise performance (blood lactate curve) but impair SIT-induced enhancements in anaerobic exercise performance (AOD and mean power output).
-
Physiological reports · Jul 2019
Cardiopulmonary fitness predicts postoperative major morbidity after esophagectomy for patients with cancer.
Surgery for radical treatment of esophageal cancer (EC) carries significant inherent risk. The objective identification of patients who are at high risk of complications is of importance. In this study the prognostic value of cardiopulmonary fitness variables (CPF) derived from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was assessed in patients undergoing potentially curative surgery for EC within an enhanced recovery program. ⋯ Multivariable analysis revealed V ˙ O 2 Peak to be the only independent factor to predict major morbidity (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75-0.97, P = 0.018). Cumulative survival was associated with operative morbidity severity (χ2 = 4.892, df = 1, P = 0.027). These results indicate that V ˙ O 2 Peak as derived from CPET is a significant predictor of major morbidity after oesophagectomy highlighting the physiological importance of cardiopulmonary fitness.
-
Physiological reports · Jul 2019
Sex is no determinant of cardioprotection by ischemic preconditioning in rats, but ischemic/reperfused tissue mass is for remote ischemic preconditioning.
We determined the impact of sex on the magnitude of cardioprotection by local and remote ischemic preconditioning (IPC and RIPC) and of ischemic/reperfused peripheral tissue mass on protection by RIPC. Hearts of female and male Lewis rats were excised, perfused with buffer, and underwent either IPC by 3 × 5/5 min global zero-flow ischemia/reperfusion (GI/R) or time-matched perfusion (TP) before 30/120 min GI/R. In a second approach, anesthetized female and male Lewis rats underwent RIPC, 3 × 5/5 min ischemia/reperfusion of one or both hindlimbs (1-RIPC or 2-RIPC), or placebo. ⋯ Infarct size after the placebo protocol and GI/R was not different between female and male hearts (36 ± 8% vs. 34 ± 5%). Sex is no determinant of IPC- and RIPC-induced cardioprotection in isolated Lewis rat hearts. RIPC-induced cardioprotection is greater with greater mass of ischemic/reperfused peripheral tissue.