BJU international
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety and efficacy of ultrasonography as an adjunct to fluoroscopy for renal access in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).
• To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasonography (US)-guided renal access in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), as compared with conventional fluoroscopy-guided renal access in a prospective randomized trial. ⋯ • US-guided puncture in PCNL helps in increasing accuracy of puncture and decreasing radiation exposure for the surgical team and the patients.