Rinsho byori. The Japanese journal of clinical pathology
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Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become a routine monitor in the operating room for cardiac surgery because it provides instantaneous and continuous assessment of cardiac function and anatomy. TEE aids intraoperative management and improves outcome in patients undergoing cardiac valve repairs, complex congenital heart corrections, and high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Especially in mitral valve repair surgery, it is mandatory to evaluate the results of the surgical procedure after cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery. ⋯ A task force of the American Society of Anesthesiologists and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists developed guidelines for the appropriate use of TEE, which were evidence-based and focused on the effectiveness of perioperative TEE in improving clinical outcomes. Compliance with the guidelines for basic intraoperative TEE resulted in a marked improvement in intraoperative TEE practice. Technical progress of echocardiographic equipment and the TEE probe will increase the application of intraoperative and perioperative TEE in the future.
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An intraoperative monitoring is essential for performing surgery, especially in the neurosurgical field. Intraoperative neurological monitoring methods may involve an application of evoked potential examinations in clinical physiology. Accordingly, it is necessary to perform intraoperative neurological monitoring to basically understand the principles and techniques of evoked potential examinations. ⋯ Consequently elimination of noise from these various sources from the monitoring records would promote the success of intoraoperative neurological monitoring. In this study, differential amplifiers, class I medical electronic equipments, and shield mats were tested to eliminate the alternating current noise that frequently contaminates the intraoperative neurological monitoring record. In addition, neurological monitoring system, recording electrodes, and extension cables are introduced as necessary equipment and materials for the intraoperative neurological monitoring.