Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift
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Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. · May 2024
Review[Targeted therapies in the management of malignant lymphoma - is the end of conventional chemotherapy near?].
Advances in the understanding of the biology of malignant lymphoma has facilitated the development of numerous molecularly targeted therapies. The incorporation of these precision therapeutics has produced more effective and often less-toxic treatment regimens leading to a significant improvement of treatment outcomes for individuals with lymphoid malignancies. In relapsed diseases, molecularly targeted therapeutic approaches have demonstrated superior outcomes compared to conventional chemotherapy, leading to a growing number of patients being treated entirely chemotherapy-free. This review outlines the current landscape of targeted therapies for both B-cell (B-NHL) and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (T-NHL) and provides an overview of targeted agents currently approved for the treatment of malignant lymphoma.
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Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. · May 2024
Review[Innovative therapies for treatment of invasive fungal diseases].
Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) are difficult to treat and pose a significant threat to immunocompromised individuals. Current antifungal agents face limitations, including antifungal resistance and adverse effects. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of emerging treatment strategies. ⋯ For prophylactic purpose in high-risk populations to develop IFD, monoclonal antibodies against different virulence factors of Candida spp. have been discovered but are not yet seen in clinical trials. Vaccines against distinct fungal antigens as well as pan fungal vaccines to prevent IFD are under development in preclinical stages, notably for Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp., and Aspergillus spp., however, their clinical value is still discussed. In summary, major advances to treat IFD have been observed, but challenges for their establishment in the clinical routine persist.
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Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. · May 2024
Review[Diagnostic approaches for invasive mycoses: what's hot?].
Invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The primary and most frequent pathogens in Europe are Aspergillus and Candida species. However, other representatives such as Mucorales, Trichosporon, and Fusarium species are increasingly being identified. Confirming the diagnosis of an invasive mycosis is challenging; apart from imaging and clinical presentation, essential diagnostic elements include conventional fungal culture, microscopy, antibody/antigen detection tests, and molecular biology.
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Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. · May 2024
Review[Mucormycosis in the time of COVID-19: risks and challenges].
The first patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 were registered in December 2019. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic, the beginning of a worldwide health crisis that revealed numerous medical challenges for healthcare systems and pandemic emergency strategies. Among these challenges, mucormycosis, a typically rare fungal infection, gained global attention. ⋯ There were concerns about a potentially global threat. In this article, we explore the risk factors and mechanisms leading to this viral-fungal coinfection. We present global distribution patterns, clinical presentation, and challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis.