Diabetes technology & therapeutics
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Diabetes Technol. Ther. · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of infusion rate and indwelling time on tissue resistance pressure in small-volume subcutaneous infusion like in continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.
To deliver exact volumes of liquid subcutaneously (e.g., during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII]), the insulin pump has to overcome not only frictional losses of the mechanical drive and pressure losses in the tubing and infusion set, but also the tissue resistance pressure (TRP). Up to now, detailed information about the dependence of TRP on volumes and delivery rates common for CSII is missing. However, knowledge of the typical range of TRP during CSII is important to optimize occlusion detection and the design of insulin pumps. ⋯ Median TRP increased significantly with higher infusion rates. Catheter indwelling time had no significant effect on the TRP. Occlusion detection may be improved by using rate-dependent detection thresholds.
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Diabetes Technol. Ther. · Jan 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPrevalence of glucose intolerance among children and adolescents in urban South India (ORANGE-2).
This study was designed to determine the prevalence of glucose intolerance (prediabetes or diabetes) in children and adolescents in urban South India. ⋯ The prevalence of glucose intolerance is high in Asian Indian adolescents, particularly in girls with abdominal obesity.
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Diabetes Technol. Ther. · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyImproved postprandial glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes from subcutaneous injection of insulin lispro with hyaluronidase.
Coinjection of hyaluronidase has been shown to accelerate insulin absorption in healthy volunteers and patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This study was undertaken to compare the postprandial glycemic response of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) administered insulin lispro with and without recombinant human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20) and regular human insulin (RHI) with rHuPH20. ⋯ Lispro+rHuPH20 provided superior control of glycemic excursion compared with lispro alone, with lower insulin requirements and reduced hypoglycemic excursions.
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Diabetes Technol. Ther. · Feb 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyConversion from intravenous insulin to subcutaneous insulin after cardiovascular surgery: transition to target study.
No study of transition from intravenous to subcutaneous insulin after cardiac surgery with dose based on percentage of intravenous total daily insulin (TDI) has reported a clearly superior regimen for achieving target blood glucose. We compared three first-dose transition strategies for insulin glargine: two based on TDI alone and one that also took body weight into account. ⋯ No subcutaneous insulin regimen implemented approximately 1 day after cardiac surgery showed significantly better control of blood glucose over the 3-day study period. Further studies are needed to determine optimal formulae for effecting an early transition to subcutaneous insulin after cardiac surgery or whether it is preferable and/or necessary to continue intravenous insulin therapy for an additional period of time.
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Diabetes Technol. Ther. · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA diabetes-specific enteral formula improves glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Well-controlled studies have demonstrated that inpatient hyperglycemia is an indicator of poor clinical outcomes, but the use of diabetes-specific enteral formulas in hospitalized patients remains a topic of great debate. ⋯ Relative to the standard formula, the diabetes-specific formula reduced postprandial glycemia, mean glucose, glycemic variability, and short-acting insulin requirements. These results suggest potential clinical usefulness of a diabetes-specific enteral formula for minimizing glycemic excursions in hospitalized patients.