Legal medicine
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The management of patients who are Jehovah's Witnesses involves important medical, legal, and ethical considerations. A court case in Japan upheld 'the patient's right to decision-making' as part of the patient's 'personal right.' When the patient is a mature minor, his or her wishes should also be respected. ⋯ Transfusion-alternative strategies have made it easier to choose bloodless medicine and surgery. This matter of treating the 'whole person' should be considered with all its related factors in mind.