Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses
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Unmanaged pain significantly affects cancer survivors' quality of life. Nurses should play a significant role in pain management through non-pharmacological interventions. This review aims to explore the efficacy and safety of breathing exercises for pain management in all cancer survivors. ⋯ Breathing exercises may be a promising approach to pain relief in cancer survivors. However, more rigorously designed studies are required to establish the evidence.
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Unmanaged pain significantly affects cancer survivors' quality of life. Nurses should play a significant role in pain management through non-pharmacological interventions. This review aims to explore the efficacy and safety of breathing exercises for pain management in all cancer survivors. ⋯ Breathing exercises may be a promising approach to pain relief in cancer survivors. However, more rigorously designed studies are required to establish the evidence.
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Pain is undertreated in both adults and children and a major factor linked to this is nurses' lack of knowledge as evidenced by studies undertaken globally. ⋯ Education is a possible means to enhance nurses' knowledge and improve attitudes and practices in pain management. However, there was some evidence that this may decline over time, and continuous professional updates are likely required.
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Review
The Validity of Vital Signs for Pain Assessment in critically Ill Adults: A Narrative Review.
Pain assessment in the intensive care unit (ICU) is challenging because many patients are unable to self-report or exhibit pain-related behaviors. In such situations, vital signs (VS) through continuous monitoring are alternative cues for pain assessment. This review aimed to describe the reliability and validity of VS for ICU pain assessment. ⋯ VS are not valid indicators for ICU pain assessment. Increases of respiratory rate may be a cue for the detection of pain. However, fluctuations in respiratory rate can be influenced by opioids or controlled ventilation mode. Our results dissuade the use of VS for pain assessment because of the lack of association with ICU pain reference standards. Other physiologic measures of pain in critically ill adults should be explored.
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Review
Barriers and Facilitators of Pain Self-Management Among Patients with Cancer: An Integrative Review.
Defining the main barriers and facilitators of cancer pain self-management are essential to improve patients' overall quality of life. ⋯ Patients with cancer pain experience multiple barriers and facilitators when attempting to take on an active role in managing their pain.