Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of Deep Intramuscular Stimulation and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Neurophysiological Biomarkers in Chronic Myofascial Pain Syndrome.
The aim was to assess the neuromodulation techniques effects (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation [rTMS] and deep intramuscular stimulation therapy [DIMST]) on pain intensity, peripheral, and neurophysiological biomarkers chronic myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) patients. ⋯ Our findings add additional evidence about rTMS and DIMST in relieving pain in MPS patients without synergistic effect. No peripheral biomarkers reflected the analgesic effect of both techniques; including those related to cellular damage. Additionally, one neurophysiological parameter (increased MEP amplitude) needs to be investigated.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Emergency department patient perspectives on the risk of addiction to prescription opioids.
To characterize emergency department (ED) patients' knowledge and beliefs about the addictive potential of opioids. ⋯ In this sample, patients had misconceptions about opioid addiction. Some patients did not know opioids could be addictive, others underestimated their personal risk of addiction, and others overtly feared addiction and, therefore, risked inadequate pain management. Despite limited data, we recommend providers discuss opioid addiction with their patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Single Intradiscal Administration of the Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Inhibitor, Etanercept, for Patients with Discogenic Low Back Pain.
To examine the analgesic effect of intradiscal administration of a tumor necrosis factor-αα (TNF-α) inhibitor in patients with discogenic low back pain (LBP). ⋯ Single intradiscal administration of a TNF-α inhibitor can alleviate intractable discogenic LBP for up to 8 weeks. TNF-α may be involved in discogenic pain pathogenesis. This procedure is a novel potential treatment; longer-term effectiveness trials are required in the future.