Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of Drug Disposal Kits and Fact Sheets on Elimination of Leftover Prescription Opioids: The DISPOSE Multi-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.
To determine how passively providing informational handouts and/or drug disposal kits affects rates of leftover prescription opioid disposal. ⋯ These findings suggest that passive provision of a drug disposal kit at prescription pickup did not increase rates of leftover opioid disposal when compared with provision of a fact sheet alone or no intervention. Active interventions may deserve further investigation.
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Meta Analysis
Effectiveness of Pain Neurophysiology Education on Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
To estimate the effectiveness and safety of Pain Neurophysiology Education (PNE) on pain, disability, and psychological distress at post-intervention and long-term (closest to twelve months after initiating the intervention) in musculoskeletal pain (MSKP). ⋯ Overall quality of evidence was low, supporting PNE being safe and having small to moderate effects on pain at both time points, and on disability as well as psychological distress at post-intervention.
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Chronic pain is a leading cause of disability in low- and middle-income countries; however, pain assessment tools have generally been developed and validated in high-income countries. This study examines the psychometric properties of a set of translated pain (and distress) questionnaires in Mongolia and documents the characteristics of people seeking treatment for chronic pain in Mongolia, compared with those in New Zealand, which is representative of high-income countries. ⋯ Findings indicate that some pain outcome measures may be appropriate for use in Mongolia and should be investigated in other low- and middle-income countries.
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Behavioral Activation and Inhibition Systems: Further Evaluation of a BIS-BAS Model of Chronic Pain.
The role of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS) in function has been evaluated in a wide range of populations. However, research on the role of the BIS and BAS in pain is in its early stages. This study sought to evaluate the utility of a BIS-BAS model of chronic pain. ⋯ The findings provide important new information regarding the utility of the BIS-BAS model of chronic pain. Our results support the idea that BIS activation is more important than BAS activation in explaining a variety of pain-related outcomes, including positive and negative responses to pain, and suggest that modification of the model may be indicated. These results have several theoretical and clinical implications.
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Although decompressive laminectomy (DL) for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common procedure among older adults, it is unclear whether surgical definitions of success translate into patient-defined success. Using goal attainment scaling (GAS) to compare goal achievement between individuals, we investigated the relationship between surgical-defined functional recovery and achievement of personalized goals in patients who underwent DL for LSS. ⋯ There was congruent validity between GAS and the BSS in older veterans undergoing DL for LSS. Given the need for patient-centered care in older adults, future investigations exploring GAS in larger studies that target additional pain conditions and include participants with greater demographic diversity are warranted.