The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society
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Factors contributing to the varied outcomes of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) are not well known. This study aimed to determine whether baseline psychological factors, pain, and disability influence long-term CRPS outcomes. We conducted an 8-year follow-up from a previous prospective study of CRPS outcomes. ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: This paper presents the findings of the first study to prospectively investigate predictors of CRPS outcomes over 8 years. Baseline anxiety, pain, and disability predicted greater CRPS severity, pain, and disability over 8 years. These factors could identify those at risk of poor outcomes or form targets for early interventions.
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Pain-related pictures are useful for studying how individuals respond to pain-related stimulation. Such pictures can occasionally be found in databases for affective pictures. However, a validated database specifically for pain-related pictures is not available yet. ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: This article presents the validation of the experimental pain pictures system, which consists of a set of pain-related pictures. The experimental pain pictures system is composed of pictures depicting different types of pain. Participants rated all the pictures as being negative, arousing, and painful.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Who Benefits the Most From Different Psychological Chronic Pain Treatments? An Exploratory Analysis of Treatment Moderators.
Different psychological chronic pain treatments benefit some individuals more than others. Understanding the factors that are associated with treatment response-especially when those factors differ between treatments-may inform more effective patient-treatment matching. This study aimed to identify variables that moderate treatment response to 4 psychological pain interventions in a sample of adults with low back pain or chronic pain associated with multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, acquired amputation, or muscular dystrophy (N = 173). ⋯ If additional research replicates the findings, it may be possible to better match patients to their more individually suitable treatment, ultimately improving pain treatment outcomes. PERSPECTIVE: Pre-treatment measures of hypnotizability and EEG-assessed brain activity predicted who was more (or less) likely to respond to different psychological pain treatments. If these findings are replicated in future studies, they could inform the development of patient-treatment matching algorithms.
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Studies have identified insomnia as having significant influence on chronic pain. A rising body of research has also underscored the association between eveningness and chronic pain. However, co-assessment of insomnia and eveningness in the context of chronic pain adjustment has been limited. ⋯ Future studies should evaluate the role of circadian misalignment on pain using more accurate biobehavioral makers. PERSPECTIVE: This study examined the effects of insomnia and eveningness on pain and emotional distress in a large sample of individuals with chronic pain. Insomnia severity is a stronger predictor of changes in pain and emotional distress than eveningness, highlighting insomnia as an important clinical target for chronic pain management.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Electro-acupuncture for Pain Relief after Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Postoperative pain is a common problem after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Electroacupuncture (EA) is proven to be effective in relieving postoperative pain. However, EA has not been studied in patients undergoing ESS. ⋯ Our results demonstrate that EA can serve as an effective adjuvant therapeutic tool for pain relief after ESS. PERSPECTIVE: This randomized sham-controlled, patient-and-assessor blinded trial provided evidence for the first time that EA can relieve postoperative pain and other symptom management in patients after ESS. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900024183, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=40573.