The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society
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Retraction Of Publication
Size does matter, but it isn't everything: the challenge of modest treatment effects in chronic pain clinical trials.
Available online This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Retraction Of Publication
Sex-Specific Effects of Gender Identification on Pain Study Recruitment.
Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory studies show sex differences in pain responses, with women more sensitive to nociceptive stimulation and more vulnerable to long-term pain conditions than men. Because of evidence that men are culturally reinforced for the ability to endure (or under-report) pain, some of these findings might be explained by sociocultural beliefs about gender-appropriate behavior. One potential manifestation of these effects might be differential participation in pain studies, with men adhering to stereotypical masculine roles viewing participation as a way to demonstrate their masculinity. ⋯ Among masculine gender traits examined, we found that high levels of aggression and competitiveness were the strongest predictors of pain study participation. Our results suggest that men in pain studies might have higher levels of masculine gender identification than the wider male population. Taken together with previous findings of lower levels of pain sensitivity (or reporting) in masculine-identifying male participants, these results suggest an explanation for some of the sex-related differences observed in pain responses.
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Retracted Publication
WITHDRAWN: (438) Efficacy of CL-108 compared to hydrocodone 7.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg in preventing vomiting and the use of anti-emetics, Opioid-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (OINV).
The Publisher regrets that this abstract is an accidental duplication of abstract (431), also published in the 2016 American Pain Society Scientific Meeting abstracts supplement: J Pain 17:S82, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2016.01.408. The duplicate abstract (438) has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Retraction Of Publication
Perioperative perineural infusion of bupivacaine and clonidine following lower extremity amputation.