Sleep medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The efficacy of three different mask styles on a PAP titration night.
This study compared the efficacy of three different masks, nasal pillows, nasal masks and full face (oronasal) masks, during a single night of titration with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). ⋯ CPAP applied with either nasal mask was effective in treating mild, moderate, and severe sleep apnea. The oronasal mask required significantly higher pressures in subjects with moderate to severe disease. Therefore, when changing from a nasal to an oronasal mask, a repeat titration is required to ensure effective treatment of sleep apnea, especially in patients with moderate to severe disease.
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To investigate the effect of intravenous (IV) iron (500 mg ferric carboxymaltose [FCM] as a single dose) on restless legs syndrome (RLS) severity on a day-to-day basis. ⋯ FCM led to a considerable improvement in RLS in the responder group within about one week. These findings are clinically relevant, especially for patients with severe RLS symptoms and iron deficiency, since a change or uptitration of RLS-specific medication can be avoided or postponed in these patients due to the rapid response to IV FCM treatment.
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Overnight increases in neck circumference - attributed to rostral fluid displacement - correlate with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). No studies were found investigating the relationship between OSA severity and recumbence-related immediate changes in neck circumference. We evaluated the relationship of OSA severity with immediate recumbence-related and overnight changes in neck circumference in obese and nonobese subjects. ⋯ Correlation of AHI with the immediate increase in neck circumference on assuming recumbence indicates that fast components of tissue displacement, besides overnight fluid displacement, may have implications in the pathogenesis of OSA.
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Comparative Study
Gender differences in brain regional homogeneity of healthy subjects after normal sleep and after sleep deprivation: a resting-state fMRI study.
To explore the gender differences of brain regional homogeneity (ReHo) in healthy subjects during the resting-state, after normal sleep, and after sleep deprivation (SD) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and the ReHo method. ⋯ The differences of brain activity in the resting state can be widely found not only between the control and SD group in a same gender group, but also between the male group and female group. Thus, we should take the gender differences into consideration in future fMRI studies, especially the treatment of brain-related diseases (e.g., depression).