Sleep medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of speech therapy as adjunct treatment to continuous positive airway pressure on the quality of life of patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exhibit reduced quality of life (QoL) due to their daytime symptoms that restricted their social activities. The available data for QoL after treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) are inconclusive, and few studies have assessed QoL after treatment with speech therapy or other methods that increase the tonus of the upper airway muscles or with a combination of these therapies. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of speech therapy alone or combined with CPAP on QoL in patients with OSA using three different questionnaires. ⋯ Our results suggest that speech therapy alone as well as in association with CPAP might be an alternative treatment for the improvement of QoL in patients with OSA.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Night-to-night variability of periodic leg movements during sleep in restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: comparison between the periodicity index and the PLMS index.
The number of periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS index) shows high night-to-night variability, requiring multiple nights for its reliable estimation. It is currently not known if this is also the case for the degree of periodicity of leg movements, quantified by the Periodicity index. ⋯ These data support the use of the Periodicity index in the evaluation of PLMS in RLS and PLMD and indicate that this parameter seems to be more stable than the widely used PLMS index which has higher night-to-night variability.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on day/night rhythm of prothrombotic markers in obstructive sleep apnea.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with an increased risk of atherothrombotic events. A prothrombotic state might partially explain this link. This study investigated OSA patients' day/night rhythm of several prothrombotic markers and their potential changes with therapeutic continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). ⋯ There may be altered day/night rhythm of some prothrombotic markers in OSA patients compared with controls. CPAP treatment for 3weeks did not affect day/night rhythm of prothrombotic markers in OSA patients differently from placebo-CPAP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized placebo-controlled polysomnographic study of eszopiclone in Japanese patients with primary insomnia.
To evaluate the efficacy and dose-response effect of eszopiclone on sleep latency and sleep maintenance in Japanese patients with primary insomnia. ⋯ In Japanese patients with primary insomnia, eszopiclone 2mg and 3mg significantly improved PSG-determined and patient-reported sleep latency and sleep maintenance relative to placebo.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The efficacy of three different mask styles on a PAP titration night.
This study compared the efficacy of three different masks, nasal pillows, nasal masks and full face (oronasal) masks, during a single night of titration with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). ⋯ CPAP applied with either nasal mask was effective in treating mild, moderate, and severe sleep apnea. The oronasal mask required significantly higher pressures in subjects with moderate to severe disease. Therefore, when changing from a nasal to an oronasal mask, a repeat titration is required to ensure effective treatment of sleep apnea, especially in patients with moderate to severe disease.