Sleep medicine
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To investigate the effect of intravenous (IV) iron (500 mg ferric carboxymaltose [FCM] as a single dose) on restless legs syndrome (RLS) severity on a day-to-day basis. ⋯ FCM led to a considerable improvement in RLS in the responder group within about one week. These findings are clinically relevant, especially for patients with severe RLS symptoms and iron deficiency, since a change or uptitration of RLS-specific medication can be avoided or postponed in these patients due to the rapid response to IV FCM treatment.
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Overnight increases in neck circumference - attributed to rostral fluid displacement - correlate with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). No studies were found investigating the relationship between OSA severity and recumbence-related immediate changes in neck circumference. We evaluated the relationship of OSA severity with immediate recumbence-related and overnight changes in neck circumference in obese and nonobese subjects. ⋯ Correlation of AHI with the immediate increase in neck circumference on assuming recumbence indicates that fast components of tissue displacement, besides overnight fluid displacement, may have implications in the pathogenesis of OSA.
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Comparative Study
Gender differences in brain regional homogeneity of healthy subjects after normal sleep and after sleep deprivation: a resting-state fMRI study.
To explore the gender differences of brain regional homogeneity (ReHo) in healthy subjects during the resting-state, after normal sleep, and after sleep deprivation (SD) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and the ReHo method. ⋯ The differences of brain activity in the resting state can be widely found not only between the control and SD group in a same gender group, but also between the male group and female group. Thus, we should take the gender differences into consideration in future fMRI studies, especially the treatment of brain-related diseases (e.g., depression).
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The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a widely used measure of subjective sleep disturbance in clinical populations, including individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although the severity of sleep disturbance is generally represented by a global symptom score, recent factor analytic studies suggest that the PSQI is better characterized by a two- or three-factor model than a one-factor model. This study examined the replicability of two- and three-factor models of the PSQI, as well as the relationship between PSQI factors and health outcomes, in a female sample with PTSD. ⋯ These results support the multidimensional structure of the PSQI. Despite this, the global PSQI score has as much or more explanatory power as individual PSQI factors in predicting health outcomes.
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Comparative Study
Sleepiness and fatigue following traumatic brain injury.
To compare individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to healthy controls (CTLs) on measures of sleepiness, fatigue, and sleep, and explore correlates of sleepiness and fatigue separately for each group. ⋯ Fatigue appeared to be a more prominent symptom than sleepiness when assessed between 1 and 11 years after TBI. Participants with TBI used compensatory strategies such as increasing time spent in bed and daytime napping in this sample. Future research should document the time course of sleepiness and fatigue after TBI and investigate treatment options.