The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry
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Aust N Z J Psychiatry · Jun 2021
Meta AnalysisAssociation between mode of delivery and postpartum depression: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Both elective (OR 1.47, 1.16-1.86) and emergency (OR 1.53, 1.22-1.91) caesarean section is associated with mild postpartum depression in this network meta-analysis.
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Aust N Z J Psychiatry · Jan 2020
Meta AnalysisKetamine for suicidal ideation in adults with psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment trials.
Ketamine may reduce suicidal ideation in treatment-resistant depression. But it is not known how quickly this occurs and how long it persists. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the short- and long-term effectiveness of ketamine for suicidality. ⋯ A single infusion of ketamine may have a short-term (up to 72 hours) beneficial impact on suicidal thoughts. While confirmation of these results in further trials is needed, they suggest possible use of ketamine to treat acute suicidality. Means of sustaining any anti-suicidal effect need to be found.
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Aust N Z J Psychiatry · Apr 2019
ReviewDementia with Lewy bodies: Challenges in the diagnosis and management.
Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second most common form of neurodegenerative dementia in older age yet is often under-recognised and misdiagnosed. This review aims to provide an overview of the clinical features of dementia with Lewy bodies, discussing the frequent challenges clinicians experience in diagnosing dementia with Lewy bodies, and outlines a practical approach to the clinical management, particularly in the Australian setting. ⋯ Dementia with Lewy bodies is a common form of dementia. It often presents as a diagnostic challenge to clinicians, particularly at early stages of disease, and in patients with mixed neuropathological changes, which occur in over 50% of people with dementia with Lewy bodies. Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive treatment strategies are important in improving patients' care.
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Aust N Z J Psychiatry · Aug 2016
Review Meta AnalysisBrain gray matter alterations and associated demographic profiles in adults with autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies.
There is increasing evidence that children with autism spectrum disorder are accompanied by specific anatomical alterations. However, the anatomical abnormalities in adults with autism spectrum disorder are poorly understood. This study was aimed to identify the neuroanatomical substrates underlying the pathophysiology of adults with autism spectrum disorder. We also investigated the relationship between neuroanatomical alterations and clinical and demographic characteristics. ⋯ These findings confirmed that the neuroanatomical alterations in the fronto-temporal cortices, limbic system and cerebellum in adult individuals with autism were different from the children and young adolescent's autism. The effects of demographic characteristics on the brain morphological changes allow us to further clarify the neurobiological mechanisms and developmental trajectory in adult population with autism spectrum disorder.
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Aust N Z J Psychiatry · Jun 2016
Review Meta AnalysisMortality associated with anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs-A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Use of hypnotics or anxiolytic drugs is common and various studies have reported increased mortality with hypnotics or anxiolytic use. ⋯ This meta-analysis suggests that hypnotics or anxiolytics drugs use is associated with increased mortality and hence should be used with caution. Future studies focused on underlying mechanism of increased mortality with hypnotics or anxiolytics use are required.