Seminars in reproductive medicine
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Semin. Reprod. Med. · Aug 2002
ReviewCongenital adrenal hyperplasia: 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency.
The most potent corticosteroids are 11beta-hydroxylated compounds. In humans, two cytochrome P450 isoenzymes with 11beta-hydroxylase activity, catalyzing the biosynthesis of cortisol and aldosterone, are present in the adrenal cortex. CYP11B1, the gene encoding 11beta-hydroxylase (P450c11), is expressed in high levels in the zona fasciculata and is regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ⋯ Molecular genetic studies of the CYP11B1 gene in 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency have led to the identification of several mutations. Transfection experiments showed loss of enzyme activity in vitro. Molecular genetic studies have practical importance for the prenatal diagnosis of virilizing CAH forms.