Current neurology and neuroscience reports
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Ocular pain is most commonly associated with redness and inflammation; however, eye pain can also occur in the absence of grossly visible pathology. Pain in the quiet eye can be the first sign of a number of threatening conditions. ⋯ The article also reviews pertinent ocular, orbital, referred, and other causes of eye pain in the quiet eye. The neurologist and headache specialist should recognize when consultation with an ophthalmologist is necessary.
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Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep · Apr 2011
ReviewHypocretin and its emerging role as a target for treatment of sleep disorders.
The neuropeptides hypocretin-1 and -2 (orexin A and B) are critical in the regulation of arousal and maintenance of wakefulness. Understanding the role of the hypocretin system in sleep/wake regulation has come from narcolepsy-cataplexy research. ⋯ Research for the hypocretin agonist and the hypocretin antagonist for the treatment of sleep disorders has vigorously increased over the past 10 years. This review will focus on the origin, functions, and mechanisms in which the hypocretin system regulates sleep and wakefulness, and discuss its emerging role as a target for the treatment of sleep disorders.