The journal of vascular access
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Recent reports suggest that ultrasound-guided central venous cannulation may also be safe and effective in infants. This study aimed to evaluate the success and complications rate of this technique in infants weighing less than 5 kg. ⋯ Our experience suggests that ultrasound-guided central vein cannulation can be performed by well-trained physicians in infants weighing less than 5 kg without relevant risks.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison between local and regional anesthesia in arteriovenous fistula creation.
Assessment of the effectiveness of brachial plexus block (BPB) via axillary approach compared to regional anesthesia for arteriovenous fistula surgery in patients affected by end-stage renal disease. ⋯ The axillary-approached BPB was more advantageous than local anesthesia. Its effectiveness was because of venous dilation and the decrease in the PI, consequent to the reduction in peripheral resistances and the increase in local blood flow, thus offering an ideal background for fistula creation and short-term patency.
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We aim to assess the effect of regional block anesthesia on vein diameter, type of AVF placement, and fistula size and flow volume. ⋯ Vein diameter increases significantly in the basilic and cephalic veins following regional block anesthesia and may improve the rate of native fistula placement. Propensity to dilate after regional block anesthesia does not predict size of the fistula.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate explantations of central venous port systems that were implanted by interventional radiologists in cases where complications demanded the removal of the port device. ⋯ Bloodstream infections were the most common cause for port explantation, followed by catheter-related thrombosis. Complication-related explantations were mainly for late-onset complications. Prevention and management strategies should be applied regarding care and usage of port systems to reduce the rate of complication-related explantations.
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Although increased infectious and thrombotic complications have been reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), little is known regarding hemodialysis catheter-related complications in HIV patients. In this report, we reviewed our experience and complication rates for tunneled cuffed catheters (TCCs) in HIV patients requiring hemodialysis. ⋯ TCCs are associated with an increased risk of infection in HIV patients requiring hemodialysis. Moreover, HIV infection is associated with an increased risk of mortality among hemodialysis patients. Hypoalbuminemia, history of intravenous drug use, and low CD4+ lymphocyte counts are associated with increased risk of catheter infection in HIV patients requiring hemodialysis.