Pain physician
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of Caudal Versus Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection in Post Lumbar Surgery Syndrome After Single-level Discectomy: A Prospective, Randomized Trial.
Epidural fibrosis (EF) is one of the leading causes of post lumbar surgery syndrome (PLSS). Although there are studies in the literature suggesting that lumbar epidural steroid injections are an effective method in the pain management of PLSS caused by EF, no study is available comparing the effectiveness and safety of caudal and transforaminal approaches. ⋯ Both CESI and TFESI are effective and safe methods in the treatment of PLSS caused by EF following lumbar discectomy. These methods can reduce pain and disability. Although both methods have similar treatment success rates, TFESI seems to be a more effective treatment method in reducing disability at 3-week follow-up.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Short-term Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain.
Approximately half of the patients with long-standing diabetes are known to have diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Pain from DPN deteriorates quality of life and hinders activities of daily living. ⋯ High-frequency rTMS on the left M1 may be useful for managing pain in the lower extremities due to DPN and may improve a patient's the quality of life.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of Increase in the Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter between Epidural Saline and Contrast Medium Injections.
Normal saline or contrast medium is one of the widely used injection materials during fluoroscopic guided injections. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement is a reliable and noninvasive method for intracranial pressure evaluation. ⋯ Thoracic epidural injection of 5 mL normal saline or contrast medium resulted in a significant increase of ONSD compared to baseline; however, the degree of ONSD increase was more attenuated in the contrast group than the saline group.