Pain physician
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Epidural injection (EI) has been used to manage lower back and radicular leg pain caused by a herniated lumbar disc. There are 3 types of EI techniques currently being used: transforaminal (TFEI), interlaminar (ILEI), and caudal epidural injections (CEI). ⋯ TFEI had the best potential of the 3 EI techniques to reduce pain and improve function in patients with a herniated lumbar disc. Further qualified trials comparing the effects of these 3 techniques are warranted to derive definitive conclusions.
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Postoperative pain is a concern after thoracic and breast surgeries. Recent studies have demonstrated that ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) could provide postoperative analgesia. ⋯ Our findings suggest that SAPB not only relieves acute pain after thoracic and breast surgery, but also reduces the incidence of chronic postsurgical pain.
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Perceived injustice (PI) is a multidimensional appraisal cognition comprising the severity of loss consequent to injury, blame, a sense of unfairness, and/or irreparability of loss. PI gained increasing interest in pain research since it potentially contributes to the experience and burden of (chronic) pain. ⋯ The prevalence of PI was >= 33% in 75% of the studies indicating that PI is important to consider in people with pain. There is evidence for the association of PI with psychological, pain, and quality of life characteristics in people with pain. The associations of PI with personal, injury, and recovery characteristics were overall not significant or negligible.