The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyIdentification of the optimal combination dosing schedule of neoadjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab in macroscopic stage III melanoma (OpACIN-neo): a multicentre, phase 2, randomised, controlled trial.
The outcome of patients with macroscopic stage III melanoma is poor. Neoadjuvant treatment with ipilimumab plus nivolumab at the standard dosing schedule induced pathological responses in a high proportion of patients in two small independent early-phase trials, and no patients with a pathological response have relapsed after a median follow up of 32 months. However, toxicity of the standard ipilimumab plus nivolumab dosing schedule was high, preventing its broader clinical use. The aim of the OpACIN-neo trial was to identify a dosing schedule of ipilimumab plus nivolumab that is less toxic but equally effective. ⋯ Bristol-Myers Squibb.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2019
ReviewLatest developments in molecular tracers for fluorescence image-guided cancer surgery.
Real-time intraoperative guidance is essential during oncological surgery for complete and safe tumour resection. Fluorescence imaging in the near-infrared spectrum has shown potential for guiding surgeons during complex interventions. ⋯ Moreover, advances in protein engineering and drug design have led to the development of a variety of tracers suitable for molecular fluorescence image-guided surgery. In this Review, we discuss preclinical and clinical evidence, ongoing clinical trials, and the latest developments in the field of molecular near-infrared tracers for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2019
Comparative StudyComparison of the accuracy of human readers versus machine-learning algorithms for pigmented skin lesion classification: an open, web-based, international, diagnostic study.
Whether machine-learning algorithms can diagnose all pigmented skin lesions as accurately as human experts is unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of state-of-the-art machine-learning algorithms with human readers for all clinically relevant types of benign and malignant pigmented skin lesions. ⋯ None.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2019
Scale-up of radiotherapy for cervical cancer in the era of human papillomavirus vaccination in low-income and middle-income countries: a model-based analysis of need and economic impact.
Radiotherapy is standard of care for cervical cancer, but major global gaps in access exist, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. We modelled the health and economic benefits of a 20-year radiotherapy scale-up to estimate the long-term demand for treatment in the context of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. ⋯ None.