The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyFulvestrant plus capivasertib versus placebo after relapse or progression on an aromatase inhibitor in metastatic, oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer (FAKTION): overall survival, updated progression-free survival, and expanded biomarker analysis from a randomised, phase 2 trial.
Capivasertib, an AKT inhibitor, added to fulvestrant, was previously reported to improve progression-free survival in women with aromatase inhibitor-resistant oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. The benefit appeared to be independent of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) pathway alteration status of tumours, as ascertained using assays available at the time. Here, we report updated progression-free survival and overall survival results, and a prespecified examination of the effect of PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway alterations identified by an expanded genetic testing panel on treatment outcomes. ⋯ AstraZeneca and Cancer Research UK.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Observational StudyColorectal cancer trends in Chile: an observational study.
Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent malignant disease worldwide. In Chile, colorectal cancer has been part of the Garantías Explícitas en Salud (Explicit Guarantees in Health Programme; also known as GES), which aims to ensure prompt access to affordable and quality health care, since 2014. Survival depends on the diagnosis of the disease in the earliest possible stage and on rapid access to adequate treatment. However, extreme inequality in social factors, such as education and income, has resulted in poor outcomes in cancer survival. The aim of this study was to obtain data on the epidemiology of colorectal cancer in Chile (in 2009-18) and on the effect of measurable factors on survival. ⋯ Complex Engineering Systems Institute (Centro Basal ANID/AFB18003) and Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo/Programa de Becas/Doctorado Nacional 21200869.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Meta AnalysisAccuracy and effectiveness of HPV mRNA testing in cervical cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cervical cancer screening tests that identify DNA of the main causal agent, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, are more protective than cervical cytology. We systematically reviewed the literature to assess whether tests targeting high-risk HPV (hrHPV) mRNA are as accurate and effective as HPV DNA-based screening tests. ⋯ Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation of the European Commission, through the RISCC Network, WHO, Haute Autorité de la Santé, European Society of Gynaecological Oncology, and the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Multicenter Study Observational StudyEarly detection of hepatocellular carcinoma with methylation and fragmentation signatures of circulating tumour DNA: a prospective, multicentre, case-control, observational study.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Early detection has been shown to enable more effective treatments, thus decreasing morbidity and mortality. Non-invasive cancer detection via circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a promising approach to monitor the molecular changes in liver tumour cells. We aimed to use ctDNA methylation and fragmentation signals to develop a blood-based assay for hepatocellular carcinoma early detection, named HcSeer. ⋯ This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant number 2019YFC1315800).