The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Identifying areas at risk of endometrial cancer increase in Latin America: development of a geospatial model.
Endometrial cancer is presently the most common gynaecological cancer in high-income countries due to factors such as population aging and obesity, which leads to high oestrogen concentrations and is linked to abnormal endometrial cell proliferation. Obesity is a global health issue; more than 20% of people in Latin America are currently obese, and approximately 58% are overweight. The purpose of this study was to analyse obesity rates and the evolution of the female population older than 65 years of age in Latin American and Caribbean countries, mapping areas at high risk of increase in the incidence of endometrial cancer in the coming years. ⋯ None.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Oral lichen planus and the Thr102Cys polymorphism of HTR2A: a pilot case-control study.
Oral cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world, leading to over 177 000 deaths worldwide annually. The literature suggests that oral cancer might be preceded by potentially malignant oral lesions, such as oral lichen planus, a multifactorial chronic inflammatory condition with an autoimmune component. Smoking and alcohol consumption are two of the many triggers of oral lichen planus and oral cancer. Both habits have likewise been associated with the Thr102Cys polymorphisms in the HTR2A gene, which codes the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (5-HT-2A). The aim of this study was to investigate the Thr102Cys polymorphism rs6313 (NG_013011.1:g.6230C>T on GenBank) in the HTR2A gene in patients with oral lichen planus, and to explore its association with smoking and alcohol consumption. ⋯ None.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Defining availability of 100 essential diagnostic items for children with cancer and gaps in implementing WHO recommendations: Global CEDx Working Group survey.
WHO has established recommendations to guide governments' prioritisation of essential diagnostic tests, technologies, and priority medical devices for patients with cancer. Despite many countries committing to expanding resources for children with cancer since the WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer was launched in 2018, data on the availability of essential diagnostics and on local awareness and adoption of WHO recommendations in low-income and middle-income countries are scarce. ⋯ American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities and St Jude Children's Research Hospital.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Observational StudyColorectal cancer trends in Chile: an observational study.
Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent malignant disease worldwide. In Chile, colorectal cancer has been part of the Garantías Explícitas en Salud (Explicit Guarantees in Health Programme; also known as GES), which aims to ensure prompt access to affordable and quality health care, since 2014. Survival depends on the diagnosis of the disease in the earliest possible stage and on rapid access to adequate treatment. However, extreme inequality in social factors, such as education and income, has resulted in poor outcomes in cancer survival. The aim of this study was to obtain data on the epidemiology of colorectal cancer in Chile (in 2009-18) and on the effect of measurable factors on survival. ⋯ Complex Engineering Systems Institute (Centro Basal ANID/AFB18003) and Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo/Programa de Becas/Doctorado Nacional 21200869.
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The lancet oncology · Jul 2022
Performance of artificial intelligence-based breast cancer screening in a community setting: a real-world evaluation study.
Despite improvements in treatment strategies, breast cancer survival rates in India remain low because of poor awareness and advanced stages at presentation. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the survival rates of patients with breast cancer. A population-based breast cancer screening programme with mammography is often not feasible in resource-constrained settings. Thermalytix, a novel breast cancer screening technology, applies artificial intelligence algorithms over thermal images to generate an automated interpretation report indicating breast health. The Thermalytix testing equipment is portable, requires minimal skills to operate, and operation is 20 times less expensive than a mammography. The test has been used to screen women in community settings in India. This study was done to assess the performance of the Thermalytix test in identifying women suspicious of breast cancer in community settings. ⋯ This programme was sponsored by Niramai Health Analytix and was executed in collaboration with National Health Mission, Maharashtra, India, and Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike, Municipal Corporation of Bangalore City, Karnataka, India.