Emergency medicine journal : EMJ
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A short cut review was carried out to establish the utility of troponin levels in diagnosing myocardial contusion following blunt chest trauma. Using the reported search, 75 papers were found, of which six presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date, and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results, and study weaknesses of these best papers are tabulated. A clinical bottom line is stated.
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Review
Should ultrasound guidance be used for central venous catheterisation in the emergency department?
In September 2002, the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) issued guidelines for England and Wales suggesting that ultrasound guidance should be used for all electives, and should be considered for most emergency, central venous catheterisations.1 These guidelines propose a major change of practice for most clinicians practising in UK Emergency Departments. There are also resource and training implications. In this paper we systematically review the literature to establish what evidence exists for the routine use of ultrasound guidance in the placement of central venous catheters in adult patients attending the Emergency Department, and provide an overview of the practical elements of this procedure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Limited benefits of ambulance telemetry in delivering early thrombolysis: a randomised controlled trial.
To evaluate the potential of a continuous telemetry system linking rural ambulances to a coronary care unit to reduce call to thrombolysis times. ⋯ Continuous telemetry systems may significantly reduce call to treatment times for patients recommended for pre-hospital thrombolysis in a rural setting. However, this benefit must be balanced against the very small proportion of eligible patients identified as suitable for pre-hospital thrombolysis. This limitation may be due to communications problems, the criteria used to identify eligible patients, or the seniority of physicians tasked with making treatment decisions.
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Emergency medical service systems in Norway are based on equity and equality. A toll free number (113) and criteria based dispatch are crucial components. The establishment of an emergency medical system (EMS) manned by an air and ground emergency physician (EP) has challenged the role of the general practitioner (GP) in emergency medical care. We investigated whether there were any geographical differences in the use of 113, alerts to GPs by the emergency medical dispatch centres (EMDCs), and of the presence of GPs on scene in medical emergencies leading to a turnout of the EP manned EMS. ⋯ We found geographical differences in the involvement of GPs in pre-hospital emergency medical situations, probably caused by a specialised emergency medical service system including an EMDC and an air and ground EP manned EMS. There were geographical differences in public use of the toll free 113, and alerts to GPs by the EMDCs, which is likely to result from geographical conditions and proximity to medical resources. Future organisation of the EMS has to reflect this to prevent unplanned and unwanted autonomously emerging EMS systems.
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To determine the mean difference and correlation between capillary and venous bedside glucose estimation in comparison to laboratory blood glucose analysis in emergency department (ED) patients. ⋯ There is a small but significant difference in the blood glucose results analysed on a bedside glucometer when the samples are taken from capillary or venous sources. Although good correlation is the norm between venous and capillary derived samples, caution must be exercised in accepting the results as equivalent or using either as substitutes for a laboratory blood glucose result.