Tuberculosis
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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath provide biomarkers of tuberculosis (TB) because Mycobacterium tuberculosis manufactures VOC metabolites that are detectable in the breath of infected patients. ⋯ A six-minute point-of-care breath test for volatile biomarkers accurately identified subjects with active pulmonary TB.
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W. H. O. defines Totally Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (TDR-TB) as Tuberculosis caused due to a virulent strain of tuberculosis that seems to be resistant to all known treatments. ⋯ The processes and weakness ingrained in the vastness of Indian society and health system leading to drug resistance reveal multitude layers of weakness. This review aims at listing some of the important factors and levels responsible for the development of resistance in TB. The review identifies access issues, poor adherence to short-course chemotherapy, poor knowledge, practices and quality TB drugs in the private sector, resistance against some of second-line drugs prevalent in India and poor utilization of diagnostic services as the factors for causing TB resistance in India.