Atherosclerosis. Supplements
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Review
The role of antisense oligonucleotide therapy against apolipoprotein-CIII in hypertriglyceridemia.
Increased triglyceride levels (higher than ∼1000 mg/dL) are associated with an increased risk for pancreatitis. Apolipoprotein-CIII (apo-CIII) plays a key role in the metabolism of triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. ⋯ The antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) against APOC3 mRNA volanesorsen (previously called ISIS 304801, ISIS-ApoCIIIRx and IONIS-ApoCIIIRx) robustly decreases both, apo-CIII production and triglyceride concentrations and is being currently evaluated in phase 3 trials. In this narrative review we present the currently available clinical evidence on the efficacy and safety of volanesorsen for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia.
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Autoimmune encephalitis is a severe inflammatory disorder of the brain. The discovery that several non-infectious forms of encephalitis are associated with autoantibodies was a breakthrough in the care of this previously untreatable group of patients. ⋯ First line therapy consists of steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, plasma exchange or immunoadsorption. Rapid elimination of autoantibodies using selective immunoadsorption and avoiding the disadvantage of plasma substitution is a pathophysiologically guided therapeutic approach, and has been proven to be an effective therapeutic option as part of multimodal immunotherapy.