Annals of advances in automotive medicine / Annual Scientific Conference ... Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Scientific Conference
-
Ejection greatly increases the risk of injury and fatality in a rollover crash. The purpose of this study was to determine the crash, vehicle, and occupant characteristics that affect the risk of ejection in rollovers. Information from real world rollover crashes occurring from 2000 - 2010 was obtained from the National Automotive Sampling System (NASS) in order to analyze the effect of the following parameters on ejection risk: seatbelt use, rollover severity, vehicle type, seating position, roof crush, side curtain airbag deployment, glazing type, and occupant age, gender, and size. ⋯ Curtain airbag deployment was associated with reduced rates of partial and complete ejection, but the effect was not statistically significant, perhaps due to the small sample size (n = 89 raw cases with curtain deployments). A much greater proportion of occupants who were ejected in spite of curtain airbag deployment passed through the sunroof and other portals as opposed to the adjacent side window compared to occupants who were ejected in rollovers without a curtain airbag deployment. The primary factors that reduce ejection risk in rollover crashes are, in generally decreasing order of importance: seatbelt use, fewer roof inversions, passenger car body type, curtain airbag deployment, near side seating position, and small occupant size.
-
Ann Adv Automot Med · Jan 2012
ReviewA comprehensive overview of the frequency and the severity of injuries sustained by car occupants and subsequent implications in terms of injury prevention.
The objective of the paper is to give an overview of the road injuries issues in France in the 2010's by determining the frequency and the severity of injuries sustained by car occupants, and to infer the implications in terms of vehicule safety. Three types of analysis are conducted. First, we present a time series analysis at a macro statistical level showing a dramatic decrease of injured and fatally injured occupants in passenger cars compared to other modes of road transport. ⋯ The frequency of severe injuries is low, often less than 10 % and concern head and thorax mainly. Finally, the frequency and severity of injuries decrease for belted occupants in newer cars compared to older cars, whatever body regions. The frequency of severe injuries decreased by almost 50 % in these newer cars.
-
to analyze the occurrence of severe injuries and deaths among crash victims transported to hospitals in relation to occupant and scene characteristics, including on-scene patient mobility, and their potential use in triaging patients to the appropriate level of care. ⋯ Patient mobility data easily obtained at the scene of a crash allows triaging of injured patients to the appropriate facility with a high sensitivity and specificity. The addition of crash scene data to scene mobility allows further reductions on undertriaging or overtriaging.
-
Ann Adv Automot Med · Jan 2011
ReviewImportant child occupant saftety trends, indiana between 2005 and 2010.
This study reviews trends, rear facing, top tether use, and seating position for children younger than 13y among motor vehicle passengers in Indiana. This is an observational, cross-sectional survey of drivers transporting children 15 years and younger and drivers collected at 25 convenience locations randomly selected in Indiana during summers 2005 through 2010. Observations were conducted by Certified Child Passenger Safety Technicians (CPST). ⋯ In our sample, more than 88.7% (SD 0.8%) children < 13y were seated in a rear seat vehicle position. Driver variables affecting occupant protection are discussed. This information can be used by primary care providers and child passenger safety technicians and other child passenger safety advocates to develop counseling points and educational campaigns.
-
Ann Adv Automot Med · Jan 2011
Correlating the extent of pulmonary contusion to vehicle crash parameters in near-side impacts.
Pulmonary contusion (PC) is the most common injury following blunt thoracic trauma with an associated mortality of 10% to 20%. The purpose of this study is to determine how crash parameters correlate to the volume of pulmonary contusion. The Crash Injury Research Engineering and Network (CIREN) database was queried to extract data on all occupants sustaining PC in a near-side crash. ⋯ The results of the general linear model analysis suggest that maximum crush was the best predictor of high attenuation lung and lung location best predicted PC. An analysis of NASS and CIREN demonstrated that crashes with PC tended to have crash parameters that indicated higher severity. These correlations can be used in the future to develop an injury criterion for PC using finite element metrics.