Internal medicine journal
-
Internal medicine journal · Jul 2018
ReviewMaking sense of newer treatment options for type 2 diabetes.
Over the past decade, several new medications have been developed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Large-scale outcome trials have been performed with patients at high cardiovascular risk to assess the cardiovascular safety of these agents. ⋯ This review provides an overview of incretin-based therapies and SGLT-2 inhibitors with a particular focus on the results of published cardiovascular outcome trials, which have also provided unique opportunities to evaluate uncommon but potentially serious adverse events of these newer agents. The cardiovascular benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors and some glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists suggest that they may be the preferred choice, usually as an add-on to metformin, for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at high cardiovascular risk.
-
Internal medicine journal · Jul 2018
Sleep on the ward in intensive care unit survivors: a case series of polysomnography.
Few studies have investigated sleep in patients after intensive care despite the possibility that inadequate sleep might further complicate an acute illness impeding recovery. ⋯ Patients reported poor sleep while in the ICU, and a postoperative admission diagnosis may identify a high-risk subgroup of patients who may derive greater benefit from interventions to improve sleep hygiene.
-
Internal medicine journal · Jul 2018
Ethnicity, socioeconomic status and the severity and course of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
This study evaluated whether there are ethnic factors which affect the severity and progression of bronchiectasis in our adult multi-ethnic population in Auckland, New Zealand. ⋯ Patients of Maori and Pacific ethnicity are both overrepresented and have more severe bronchiectasis in this cohort, independent of socioeconomic status. Ethnicity did not predict decline in pulmonary function. Further studies into genetic predisposition to bronchiectasis in Maori or Pacific people may be warranted.
-
Internal medicine journal · Jul 2018
Medical Oncology Group of Australia position statement and membership survey on voluntary assisted dying.
The controversial topic of voluntary assisted dying (VAD) is receiving significant attention at state government levels and in the community. Acknowledging potential legalisation of VAD, the Medical Oncology Group of Australia (MOGA) undertook a survey of members to inform the development of a position statement on the subject. All MOGA members were invited to complete an anonymous online survey. ⋯ The MOGA membership expressed a range of views on the topic of VAD. A clear majority-held view to support a MOGA position that either supports or opposes VAD was not established. The position statement that flows from the survey encourages informed debate on this topic and brings into focus important considerations.
-
Internal medicine journal · Jul 2018
Case ReportsResolution of sinus bradycardia, high-grade heart block, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction with rituximab therapy in Henoch-Schonlein purpura.
Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a rare, typically self-limited, multi-organ vasculitis. Cardiac involvement with HSP carries high morbidity and mortality, thus requiring early aggressive immunosuppressive therapy. ⋯ Treatment with monoclonal antibody rituximab and corticosteroids was initiated with an improvement in and resolution of LV systolic dysfunction, sinus bradycardia and AV block. We believe this is the first published report on rituximab treatment in HSP with cardiac involvement manifesting with severe LV systolic dysfunction, sinus bradycardia and high-grade AV block.