Internal medicine journal
-
Internal medicine journal · Oct 2022
ReviewSodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor therapy: use in chronic kidney disease and adjunctive sodium restriction.
The global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased significantly over the past few decades. This reflects the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, two leading causes of CKD. Hypertension, which can also be a complication of CKD, accelerates renal disease progression and augments cardiovascular risk, especially in individuals with diabetic kidney disease. ⋯ Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors are antihypertensive, renoprotective and cardioprotective, even in individuals without T2DM, making them effective therapeutic agents for CKD. Another therapy that has proven to be antihypertensive, renoprotective and cardioprotective is dietary sodium restriction. This review evaluates the potential combined benefits of SGLT2 inhibition and dietary sodium restriction on the BP and renal parameters of individuals with CKD.
-
Internal medicine journal · Oct 2022
Development of a risk score to predict peripherally inserted central catheter thrombosis in active cancer.
Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) thrombosis is common. ⋯ Cancer patients had longer PICC durations and higher PICC thrombosis rates than those without (7% vs 0.7%). mMRS more accurately classified low PICC thrombosis risk than KRS <1(47% vs 22%). Prospective validation of mMRS is warranted.
-
Internal medicine journal · Oct 2022
The Clinical and Financial Burden of Spinal Infections in People who Inject Drugs.
People who inject drugs (PWID) are known to be at increased risk of infectious diseases including bacterial and blood-borne viral infections. However, there is limited literature surrounding the burden of spinal infections as a complication of injecting drug use (IDU). ⋯ Spinal infections in PWID are an underreported serious medical complication of IDU. Although mortality is low, there is significant morbidity with prolonged admissions, large antimicrobial requirements and surgical interventions generating a substantial cost to the health system.