Internal medicine journal
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Internal medicine journal · Mar 2022
ReviewA Practical Approach to Vertigo: A Synthesis of the Emerging Evidence.
Vestibular presentations are common in both the acute and recurrent setting, burdening emergency departments and community clinics alike. Commonly, an unease among the emergency or general physician is felt, and historically focus has been on gaining knowledge of each potential disease rather than honing the diagnostic process. ⋯ Its simplicity is aimed to minimise uncertainty and highlight clear scenarios when to refer. Together with descriptions of the clinically relevant pathophysiology, the reader should approach the vertiginous patient with a new clarity.
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Internal medicine journal · Mar 2022
Review Case ReportsRapidly progressive crescentic diabetic nephropathy: two case reports.
Crescents are not a well recognised feature of diabetic nephropathy. We present two cases of patients presenting with a rapid decline in renal function and subacute onset of nephrotic syndrome. Glomerulonephritis screening was negative, and renal biopsy revealed non-necrotising cellular crescents and typical features of late-stage diabetic nephropathy. We review the literature for diabetic nephropathy with crescents and explore possible underlying mechanisms.
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Internal medicine journal · Mar 2022
ReviewCytomegalovirus in inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical approach.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can be a challenging clinical problem in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly ulcerative colitis. Clinical presentation is difficult to distinguish from an underlying disease flare. Several diagnostic modalities are now available and when combined can aid clinicians in the identification of patients who are most likely to benefit from antiviral therapy. The aim of this article is to review the available literature and outline a practical approach to the diagnosis and management of CMV in patients with IBD.