Transplantation
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Pediatric lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis has uncertain survival effects. Three retrospective studies disagree on survival benefit. The US Lung Allocation Score has changed patient selection for lung transplantation but confounds the analysis of survival outcomes. A prospective trial is needed to resolve clinical equipoise and explore quality-of-life effects.
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Mechanisms mediating CD4+ T-cell recruitment during alloantigen-independent hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) remain not fully understood. We hypothesized that Kupffer cells activate CD4+ T-cells in the postischemic liver, by the release of free oxygen radicals and cytokines. ⋯ Kupffer cells trigger recruitment of CD4+ T-cells in the postischemic liver by the release of reactive oxygen species, IL-6, and TNF-alpha. These mediators are capable of activating CD4+ T-cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells. CD4+ T-cells, in turn, influence the activation of Kupffer cells.