Journal of infusion nursing : the official publication of the Infusion Nurses Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of Thermomechanical Stimulation During Intravenous Catheter Insertion in Adults: A Prospective Randomized Study.
This was an open-label, randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of thermomechanical stimulation (Buzzy) versus no intervention in 105 adults undergoing intravenous (IV) catheter insertion before elective orthopedic surgical procedures. A visual analog scale was used to measure pain; satisfaction questionnaires were administered after IV catheter insertion. ⋯ Subjects who reported higher preprocedure anxiety benefited most from the test intervention. It was determined that the application of cold and vibration is not universally effective for pain prevention during IV catheter insertion or for improvement in patient satisfaction in preoperative care.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effect of Acupressure on Pain and Anxiety Caused by Venipuncture.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of massage of acupoints on pain and anxiety caused by venipuncture. In this double-blind clinical trial, 187 patients who were admitted to a hospital in Khorramabad, Iran, were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: acupressure, placebo, and control. Blood samples were obtained twice from each patient in the 3 groups: once by the routine method from the left arm and once by performing interventions from the right arm. ⋯ No significant differences between the 3 groups were found after the intervention with regard to pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, or diastolic blood pressure (P > .05). The application of acupressure at the right acupoints may relieve pain caused by venipuncture. Although further studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study, it is recommended that nurses use this safe method to increase quality of nursing care and patient satisfaction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Ultrasonography-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Access in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
A prospective, randomized controlled trial compared the success of peripheral venipuncture in pediatric patients using vascular ultrasound and standard landmark methods and the occurrence of infiltration and phlebitis. The sample was composed of 382 venipunctures; 188 (49.2%) were performed with vascular ultrasound, and 194 (50.8%) were performed using the standard landmark method. No significant difference (P = .059) was found between either method in the success of peripheral venipuncture. A higher frequency of infiltration was found (P = .025) in the vascular ultrasound group.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized double-blind study comparing intradermal anesthetic tolerability, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of lidocaine, buffered lidocaine, and bacteriostatic normal saline for peripheral intravenous insertion.
In this double-blind study, 256 surgical patients meeting eligibility criteria were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to 1 of the 3 intradermal injection groups prior to intravenous (IV) line insertion (Group 1=1% lidocaine, Group 2=1% buffered lidocaine, and Group 3=bacteriostatic normal saline with a benzyl alcohol preservative). The most tolerable solution, as measured by the average level of pain from an intradermal insertion, was buffered lidocaine (Group 2). The most efficacious, as measured by average level of pain at IV cannulation, were Groups 1 and 2. Group 3 was the most cost-effective.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Administration of local anesthetic agents to decrease pain associated with peripheral vascular access.
The purpose of this study was to compare a variety of local anesthetic agents before starting an intravenous (i.v.) device to determine which method is the most comfortable for patients. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pretest-posttest experimental design, the study compared 5 treatment groups (anesthetic spray, placebo spray, anesthetic intradermal injection, placebo intradermal injection, and a control group with no local anesthetic agent) in 84 emergency department patients. ⋯ Pain ratings 3 minutes after i.v. insertion were found to be similar for the 5 treatment groups. These study results do not support the use of intradermal anesthetic agents before i.v. catheter insertion.