Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain
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The aim of the study was to define risk factors related to pain in adult end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on chronic intermittent hemodialysis (HD) by developing a systematic review of published data. ⋯ Multiple factors for various types of pain in very heterogeneous populations and heterogeneous settings were analyzed in the literature. The results turned out to be inconsistent between the studies. Future large-scale studies are required, taking into the account limitations of the current evidence base.
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The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ), a self-reported scale, has been used to assess the pain sensitivity level in a Caucasian population. However, a validated Mandarin Chinese version of the PSQ is not available. This study was aimed to translate the PSQ into Mandarin Chinese (PSQ-C) and validate it to measure pain sensitivity among Chinese people. ⋯ The PSQ-C is a reliable and useful tool to assess pain sensitivity levels in a Chinese population.
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Case Reports
Four Extremity Neurostimulation Using Two Cervical octapolar leads and high-frequency of 10-kHz.
A few published reports describe successful clinical use of low-frequency spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in the cervical spine resulting in bilateral upper and lower extremity pain relief. A major side-effect when using this modality of SCS is the uneven intensity of paresthesias, which are frequently excessive in upper extremities while attempting to achieve optimal paresthesia coverage in all 4 extremities. ⋯ Here we describe a successful case of high-frequency SCS at 10 kHz where profound control of neuropathic pain of all 4 extremities was achieved without the complication of paresthesias. Discussed are future implications of such therapy.
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There is a growing interest in the role of disturbed body perception in people with persistent pain problems such as chronic low back pain (CLBP). A questionnaire, the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ), was recently developed as a simple and quick way of assessing disturbed perceptual awareness of the back in people with CLBP and appears to have acceptable psychometric properties. The aim of the present study was to develop a Japanese version of the FreBAQ (FreBAQ-J) and evaluate its psychometric properties in a sample of Japanese people with low back pain (LBP). ⋯ The FreBAQ-J has acceptable psychometric properties and is suitable for use in people with LBP. Participants with high levels of disturbed body perception are well targeted by the scale. The functioning of one item (item 8) was poor. Further study is warranted to confirm if this item should be excluded.