Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain
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The aim of the study was to define risk factors related to pain in adult end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on chronic intermittent hemodialysis (HD) by developing a systematic review of published data. ⋯ Multiple factors for various types of pain in very heterogeneous populations and heterogeneous settings were analyzed in the literature. The results turned out to be inconsistent between the studies. Future large-scale studies are required, taking into the account limitations of the current evidence base.
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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) occurs due to different pathophysiological mechanisms. Presently there is no description of definitive treatment that can resolve the especially recalcitrant motor issues of disability in CRPS type 1 (CRPS-1). ⋯ In this patient with CRPS-1, intra-articular injections with steroid reduced nociception in the affected local structures and sensitization in the nervous system; dry needling resolved the myofascial issues; sustained physiotherapy maintained the motor recovery; and behavioral therapy techniques addressed the cognitive and life stress issues. It was concluded that the presenting symptoms in this case were a consequence of interactions between humoral, nervous, and myofascial systems.
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The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ), a self-reported scale, has been used to assess the pain sensitivity level in a Caucasian population. However, a validated Mandarin Chinese version of the PSQ is not available. This study was aimed to translate the PSQ into Mandarin Chinese (PSQ-C) and validate it to measure pain sensitivity among Chinese people. ⋯ The PSQ-C is a reliable and useful tool to assess pain sensitivity levels in a Chinese population.
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Case Reports
Four Extremity Neurostimulation Using Two Cervical octapolar leads and high-frequency of 10-kHz.
A few published reports describe successful clinical use of low-frequency spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in the cervical spine resulting in bilateral upper and lower extremity pain relief. A major side-effect when using this modality of SCS is the uneven intensity of paresthesias, which are frequently excessive in upper extremities while attempting to achieve optimal paresthesia coverage in all 4 extremities. ⋯ Here we describe a successful case of high-frequency SCS at 10 kHz where profound control of neuropathic pain of all 4 extremities was achieved without the complication of paresthesias. Discussed are future implications of such therapy.