Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Intradiscal Electrothermal Therapy (IDET) Compared with Circumferential Lumbar Fusion.
Cost-effectiveness analysis. ⋯ Both treatments led to significant improvements in patient outcomes that were sustained for at least 24 months. Costs were lower with IDET, and for appropriate patients IDET is an effective and cost-effective treatment alternative.
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Chronic pain patients show hypersensitivity to sensory nonpainful stimuli. Sensory over-responsiveness (SOR) to innocuous daily stimuli, experienced as painful, is prevalent in 10% of the healthy population. This altered sensory processing may be an expression of overfacilitation, or a less efficient pain-inhibitory process in the pain pathways. We therefore aimed to investigate specifically the pain-inhibitory system of subjects with SOR who are otherwise healthy, not studied as of yet. ⋯ SOR is associated with a pronociceptive state, expressed by amplification of experimental pain, yet with sufficient inhibitory processes. Our results support previous findings of enhanced facilitation of pain-transmitting pathways but also reveal preserved inhibitory mechanisms, although they were slower to react.
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Although the importance of psychosocial factors has been highlighted in many studies in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP), there is a lack of research examining the role of illness perceptions in explaining functional disability and physical activity in patients with CLBP. ⋯ Illness perceptions are an important factor for explaining functional disability, but not for explaining habitual physical activity in CLBP patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Treatment With Naloxegol Versus Placebo: Pain Assessment in Patients With Noncancer Pain and Opioid-Induced Constipation.
To summarize results from pain and opioid use assessments with naloxegol in adults with opioid-induced constipation (OIC) and chronic noncancer pain. ⋯ Centrally mediated opioid analgesia was maintained during treatment with naloxegol in patients with noncancer pain and OIC.
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Central sensitization (CS) is a phenomenon associated with several medical diagnoses, including postcancer pain, low back pain, osteoarthritis, whiplash, and fibromyalgia. CS involves an amplification of neural signaling within the central nervous system that results in pain hypersensitivity. The purpose of this systematic review was to gather published studies of a widely used outcome measure (the Central Sensitization Inventory [CSI]), determine the quality of evidence these publications reported, and examine the measurement properties of the CSI. ⋯ An assessment of the published measurement studies of the CSI suggest the tool generates reliable and valid data that quantify the severity of several symptoms of CS.