Latest Articles
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Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are a significant clinical concern, with detection rates increasing due to advances in imaging technologies. However, precise mechanisms underlying their pathophysiology remain incompletely understood. Recent evidence suggests a pivotal role of oral microbiota dysbiosis, particularly periodontal pathogens, in systemic inflammation that may contribute to IA development and rupture. ⋯ The findings highlight the importance of maintaining oral microbiota homeostasis as a potential therapeutic target for preventing IAs. Interventions aimed at restoring oral microbial balance may represent a novel strategy for reducing the burden of IA formation and rupture, highlighting the need for an integrated approach to oral health and IAs prevention.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Home-based strength and balance exercises for fall prevention among older individuals of advanced age: a randomized controlled single-blind study.
This research was to explore the effectiveness, safety, and adherence of home-based strength and balance exercises for fall prevention among the self-reliant individuals of advanced age and analyzed the beneficial components. ⋯ Home-based strength and balance exercises improved balance and reduced the risk of falls among the individuals of advanced age. The video-guided, remotely monitored regimen demonstrated effectiveness, safety, and compliance, although scope for improvement remains.
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As life expectancy among patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases, a growing number of complications have been observed. This population displays an elevated risk of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head in comparison to the general population, which may be attributed to HIV infection, antiretroviral medication use, and hormone application. Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who also have necrosis of the femoral head tend to present at an earlier age, with a rapid disease progression and a high incidence of bilateral onset. ⋯ This represents a promising avenue for future research. The present article reviews the epidemiological study of HIV-infected patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head, local changes of the femoral head, possible mechanisms of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, occupational exposure during treatment, and surgical efficacy. The aim is to provide insights that can inform the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and mechanism of this condition.
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Increasing evidence indicates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer stem-like cells form a special subpopulation of cells that are ubiquitous in tumors. These cells exhibit similar characteristics to those of normal stem cells in tissues; moreover, they are capable of self-renewal and differentiation, as well as high tumorigenicity and drug resistance. In prostate cancer (PCa), it is difficult to kill these cells using androgen signaling inhibitors and chemotherapy drugs. Consequently, the residual prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) mediate tumor recurrence and progression. ⋯ A deeper understanding of the regulatory network and molecular markers of PCSCs could facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting these cells. Previous preclinical studies have demonstrated the potential of this treatment approach. In the future, this may offer alternative treatment options for PCa patients.
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There is a need to assess the delivery of interventions to improve substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, as measured by the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS®) metrics. The goal was to characterize published articles reporting HEDIS® SUD measures and recommend future work on applying and investigating SUD HEDIS® metrics and their effect on SUD treatments. ⋯ More research is needed on the HEDIS® SUD metrics and their usefulness in informing SUD prevention and treatment, policy, and public health outcomes.