Articles: apolipoproteins-e.
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Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz.) · Jan 1997
Comparative StudyDistribution of apolipoprotein E4 isoform in Alzheimer's disease in Poland.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common human progressive dementia linked, in its sporadic form, to a common polymorphism within a gene for apolipoprotein E (APOE) mapped to chromosome 19. Individuals with APOE 4 isoforms are more prone to develop sporadic from of AD than those who carry APOE 2 or APOE 3 alleles. ⋯ In control group (n-11), only one case (9.1%) was homozygous for APOE 4 allele, no case was heterozygous for APOE 4 while 10 cases (90.9%) carried no APOE 4 alleles. Our results are virtually identical to those reported from Western countries.
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Variants of the apolipoprotein E allele appear to account for most cases of late-onset Alzheimer's disease, and persons with two copies of the epsilon 4 allele appear to have an especially high risk of dementia. Positron-emission tomography (PET) has identified specific regions of the brain in which the rate of glucose metabolism declines progressively in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. We used PET to investigate whether these same regions of the brain are affected in subjects homozygous for the epsilon 4 allele before the onset of cognitive impairment. ⋯ In late middle age, cognitively normal subjects who are homozygous for the epsilon 4 allele for apolipoprotein E have reduced glucose metabolism in the same regions of the brain as in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. These findings provide preclinical evidence that the presence of the epsilon 4 allele is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. PET may offer a relatively rapid way of testing future treatments to prevent Alzheimer's disease.
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The epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E has been associated with an increased risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. In a cohort of elderly subjects we prospectively investigated the relation between the apolipoprotein E genotype, dementia, and the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein in the cerebral cortex. ⋯ The epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E is significantly associated with Alzheimer's disease. Even in elderly subjects without dementia, the apolipoprotein E genotype is related to the degree of deposition of beta-amyloid protein in the cerebral cortex.
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Annals of neurology · Aug 1995
A case-control study of apolipoprotein E genotypes in Alzheimer's disease associated with Down's syndrome. Dutch Study Group on Down's Syndrome and Ageing.
The prevalence of clinical signs and neuropathological findings of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is high in Down's syndrome (DS). In the general population, the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon 4 isoform is an important risk for AD. We studied the allelic frequencies of ApoE in 26 DS cases fulfilling clinical diagnostic criteria for AD and in 26 DS controls matched for age, sex, and premorbid level of mental retardation. ⋯ ApoE type 2, 3, or 4 allele frequencies were not significantly different in AD-DS cases and DS controls. The ApoE epsilon 4 frequency in DS cases with AD (0.14; CI, 0.06-0.26) was significantly lower than in any other AD population studied so far and it is within the range of nondemented controls from the general population. These findings suggest that ApoE epsilon 4 does not significantly affect the pathogenesis of AD in DS patients.
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To determine whether polymorphism of apolipoprotein E--notably, the e4 allele--predicts cognitive deterioration in the general population. ⋯ The apolipoprotein e4 allele predisposes to cognitive decline in a general population of elderly men.