Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate and intramuscular meperidine, promethazine, and chlorpromazine for conscious sedation of children undergoing laceration repair.
To compare oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) with IM meperidine, promethazine, and chlorpromazine (MPC) for conscious sedation of children. ⋯ Both medications reduced activity significantly. Although MPC caused deeper sedation, the medications had comparable effects on patient behavior during the repair and yielded comparable ratings of physician satisfaction. Large numbers of nonserious adverse events occurred in both groups.
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Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialMidazolam does not influence intravenous fentanyl-induced analgesia in healthy volunteers.
The effects of saline and intravenous midazolam (0.5, 1, and 2 mg per 70 kg) in combination with intravenous fentanyl (0.1 mg/70 kg) were examined on pain induced by a cold pressor test. Healthy volunteers (six females, six males) were enrolled in a prospective, double-blind, randomized, crossover trial in which mood and psychomotor performance were also examined. Five minutes and 135 min postinjection subjects immersed their forearm in ice cold water for 3 min while assessments of pain were recorded. ⋯ During the second immersion (approximately 2.5 h postinjection) pain ratings did not differ between the drug and saline conditions. Mood-altering and psychomotor-impairing effects of the drug combination were dose related. We conclude that midazolam at the doses and route of administration tested neither potentiates nor decreases the analgesia produced by fentanyl in a cold-pressor pain assay.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialReduction of propofol pain--fentanyl vs lidocaine.
To compare the local efficacy of lidocaine and fentanyl in reducing propofol injection pain (PIP), we conducted a prospective randomized double-blind study in 75 ASA I and II adult patients. When administered 20 seconds before propofol with a venous tourniquet, lidocaine but not fentanyl or placebo, reduced the incidence of moderate to severe pain on subsequent injection of propofol (P < 0.001). ⋯ Fifteen (60%) in the fentanyl group (n = 25) experienced moderate or severe degrees of pain, compared with 15 (60%) in the saline group (n = 25). We conclude that lidocaine, acting locally, reduce propofol injection pain while fentanyl does not.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEpidural vs. intravenous infusion of alfentanil in the management of postoperative pain following laparotomies.
This study was designed to compare the efficacy of epidural vs. intravenous administration of alfentanil for treatment of postoperative pain. ⋯ Compared to intravenous infusion of alfentanil epidural infusion resulting in the same plasma concentrations is not more effective in relieving postoperative pain. In view of this observation we were not able to demonstrate a spinal mechanism of alfentanil.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
[Analgesic effect and clinical tolerability of the combination of paracetamol 500 mg and caffeine 50 mg versus paracetamol 400 mg and dextropropoxyphene 30 mg in back pain].
A double-blind randomized multicentric study was performed to test the hypothesis that the analgesic effect of paracetamol-cafeine is equivalent to that of paracetamol-dextropropoxyphen in patients suffering from pain due to osteoarthritis of the spine. ⋯ The potentializing action of cafeine on paracetamol-induced pain relief enables a degree of pain relief equivalent to that of a combination using an analgesic with a peripheral action, paracetamol, and another with a central action, dextropoxyphen. The fact that the paracetamol-cafeine combination does not have a central action avoids secondary effects induced by central analgesics (drowsiness, constipation) in patients with osteoarthritis back pain.