Articles: analgesics.
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J Cataract Refract Surg · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialRelative effectiveness of topical ketorolac and topical diclofenac on discomfort after radial keratotomy.
Two prospective, randomized, double-masked studies were conducted evaluating the analgesic effect of topical eyedrops after radial keratotomy (RK). One study of 117 consecutive initial RK procedures compared topical ketorolac (Acular) with topical diclofenac (Voltaren), and another study of 23 consecutive initial RK procedures compared topical ketorolac with a control medication (HypoTears). ⋯ The onset of analgesic effect of these topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is longer than one hour. The analgesic effect of oral acetaminophen #3 significantly augments that of topical diclofenac drops for those experiencing any discomfort by six hours after surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIntramuscular ketorolac following total hip replacement with spinal anaesthesia and intrathecal morphine.
We have studied the analgesic and morphine sparing effect of ketorolac tromethamine in 60 patients after total hip replacement under spinal anesthesia. In this double blind study 30 patients received ketorolac 30 mg IM 6 hourly postoperatively and the control group received saline. Analgesia was assessed by visual analogue pain scores (VAS) and morphine consumption by patient controlled analgesia (PCA). ⋯ Although there was a trend for lower VAS on the first postoperative night this was only significant at 10 hours postoperatively and the next morning at 08:00 hr. The incidence of side effects (emetic sequelae, pruritus and headache) were similar in both groups. It is concluded that ketorolac reduces the consumption of additional morphine in conjunction with intrathecal morphine but had no effects on the side effects.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA double-blind evaluation of ketorolac tromethamine versus acetaminophen in pediatric tonsillectomy: analgesia and bleeding.
The study was designed to compare intravenous ketorolac to rectal acetaminophen for analgesia and bleeding in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy. We studied 50 patients, aged 2-15 yr undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy. In a randomized, prospective double-blind fashion, patients were assigned to receive either ketorolac (1 mg/kg) or rectal acetaminophen (35 mg/kg). ⋯ Significantly more measures to achieve hemostasis were required in the ketorolac group (P = 0.012). We conclude that ketorolac is no more effective than high-dose rectal acetaminophen for analgesia in the patient undergoing tonsillectomy. Hemostasis during tonsillectomy was significantly more difficult to achieve in patients receiving ketorolac.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of intravenous ketorolac and alfentanil as supplements to propofol anesthesia for diagnostic panendoscopy.
To determine if ketorolac tromethamine is an acceptable alternative to alfentanil as a supplement to propofol for diagnostic panendoscopy. ⋯ Supplementation of propofol anesthesia with ketorolac is an efficacious alternative to supplementation with alfentanil. The faster recovery in the ketorolac group is explained by the mostly peripheral effect of this drug, whereas the slow decline in the alfentanil concentration at the effective site may be responsible for slower emergence from anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Intra-articular morphine and bupivacaine for pain relief after therapeutic arthroscopic knee surgery.
This randomised, double-blind study compared the analgesic properties of intra-articular injection of morphine and bupivacaine during therapeutic arthroscopic knee surgery. Forty male patients were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 patients each. Group A received intra-articular injection of 1 mg morphine sulphate in 20 ml saline, Group B received 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine while Group C received 1 mg morphine sulphate in 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine injected intra-articularly. ⋯ At 4 hours, it showed similar analgesic efficacy as morphine. There was no significant analgesic effect at the end of the study period. The combination of the two drugs resulted in satisfactory analgesia throughout the entire study period (p < 0.001 at 1, 2 and 24 hours and p < 0.05 at 4 hours) and appeared to be a simple, safe and effective analgesic technique for patients who underwent therapeutic arthroscopic knee surgery.