Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Topical ketorolac has no antinociceptive or anti-inflammatory effect in thermal injury.
This study investigated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in human thermal injury. Twelve healthy unmedicated volunteers had identical burn injuries produced on the medial side of both calves with a 49 degrees C 15 x 25 mm thermode. ⋯ Burn injury led to a decrease in HPDT, HPT and MPDT, an increase in EI and development of mechanical hyperalgesia (P < 0.05). Ketorolac gel had no effect on any of the nociceptive or inflammatory variables studies (P > 0.2).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of morphine and ketorolac for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia in postoperative cancer patients.
To compare the effectiveness of intravenous patient-controlled (i.v.-PCA) ketorolac to i.v.-PCA morphine in the treatment of postoperative pain in cancer patients. ⋯ These results indicate that ketorolac supplemented with small doses of morphine is associated with a lower incidence of nausea, vomiting, and pruritus compared to morphine alone. This combination should be considered where immunosuppression from operation and administration of morphine is undesirable.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Psychometric changes as well as analgesic action and cardiovascular adverse effects of ketamine racemate versus s-(+)-ketamine in subanesthetic doses].
The intravenous anaesthetic ketamine is widely used in subanaesthetic doses as a potent analgesic in emergency and disaster medicine. At present, ketamine is commercially available only in its racemic form, although the S(+)-isomer has proved to be approximately three times as potent than the R(-)-isomer. In first clinical trials in Germany, S(+)-ketamine was reported to be markedly advantageous with regard to analgesia in anaesthetized patients. ⋯ S(+)-Ketamine at half-dose of ketamine-racemate is as potent as ketamine-racemate in subanaesthetic doses with powerful analgesic properties. The (+)-isomer exerts less adverse effects on measurable cerebral functions and induces a significantly smaller increase in heart rate. Since states of impaired consciousness and disorientation are especially disturbing under emergency conditions, further investigations should be carried out to define S(+)-ketamine's position as a potent analgesic for therapeutic use in emergency and disaster medicine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ketorolac vs meperidine for the management of pain in the emergency department.
To compare the pain relief, sedation, and common side effect profiles of ketorolac tromethamine and meperidine for the management of acute pain in the emergency department (ED). ⋯ When used to treat patients who had acute pain states, 60 mg of IM ketorolac produced analgesia similar to that produced by 100 mg of IM meperidine; however, the ketorolac produced fewer subjective side effects and less sedation than did the meperidine.
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Ann Acad Med Singap · Nov 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCombination of intramuscular Ketorolac and low dose epidural morphine for the relief of post-caesarean pain.
Epidural morphine produces profound analgesia but also causes many adverse effects in a dose-dependent manner. This double-blind, randomized, prospective study evaluated the analgesic efficacy and safety of low dose (2 mg) epidural morphine in combination with 30 mg intramuscular (IM) Ketorolac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with potent analgesic activity, in patients suffering pain after caesarean surgery. Ninety parturients who received epidural anaesthesia in the postoperative period were divided into 3 equal groups: group A received epidural morphine 2 mg plus IM placebo; group B received epidural morphine 2 mg plus IM Ketorolac 30 mg; and group C received epidural saline placebo plus IM Ketorolac 30 mg. ⋯ Results showed that group B had statistically significant superior pain relief to that of the other 2 groups. The incidence of adverse effects was similar between those of group A and B. We concluded that the addition of Ketorolac by IM administration enhanced the analgesic effect of low dose (2 mg) epidural morphine in the relief of post-caesarean pain without potentiating its adverse effects.