Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ketamine as analgesic for total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol.
A prospective study of 18 patients who underwent noncardiac surgery was performed to study the use of ketamine as an analgesic during total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol. A comparison was made with the combination propofol/fentanyl. ⋯ Propofol seems to be effective in eliminating side effects of a subanaesthetic dose of ketamine in humans. We recommend the propofol/ketamine combination for total intravenous anaesthesia for surgery when stable haemodynamics are required.
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Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effectiveness of tipi in the treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis--a preliminary report.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common painful inflammatory condition occurring mainly in the later half of life. Hip and knee are the joints mostly affected. Petiveria alliacea (tipi) popularly known as an anti-rheumatic medicine, has been used by OA patients to relief pain. ⋯ The comparison between the improvements reported while on tipi and placebo tea, however, did not disclose any statistically significant difference. At the conclusion of the study 7 patients preferred tipi tea and 6 preferred placebo tea (NS). Two patients reported insomnia, one during placebo treatment and the other during tipi treatment.
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Regional anesthesia · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAnalgesic efficacy of low doses of intravenously administered lidocaine on experimental laser-induced pain: a placebo controlled study.
The analgesic efficacy of low doses of intravenously administered lidocaine on experimental laser-induced pain was studied. Lidocaine or placebo was infused intravenously in ten healthy volunteers on 2 separate days according to a double-blind, randomized, cross-over design. Analgesia was assessed by argon laser-induced sensory and pain thresholds and pain evoked potentials after doses of 0.7, 1.85 and 3.7 mg/kg of lidocaine, infused over 15, 45 and 75 minutes, respectively. ⋯ Although administration of the highest dose of lidocaine (mean plasma concentration, 8.5 mumol/l) caused significant increases in pain and sensory thresholds, the magnitude of these increases was no greater than those that occurred during placebo infusion. The power of the pain evoked potentials was significantly decreased by the highest dose of lidocaine (p = 0.0024) compared with placebo. These results probably reflect that the effect of lidocaine on subjective pain perception might be caused primarily by sedation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Treatment of renal colic by prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors and avafortan (analgesic antispasmodic).
In a study of the pain-relieving effect of 3 drugs commonly used to treat acute renal colic in this hospital, intravenous indomethacin and intramuscular diclofenac (prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors) were compared with intravenous Avafortan (analgesic antispasmodic). As first-line analgesics, prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, if given intravenously, offer an effective alternative to Avafortan. Of 145 patients studied, 32 required a second injection for complete relief of pain. Administering a second dose of prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors resulted in equally significant pain relief rate even though the route was intramuscular.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Postoperative analgesic requirements following flumazenil administration.
The effect of flumazenil (RO 15-1788) on postoperative analgesic requirements was evaluated in 30 postoperative patients. This prospective investigation was a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients undergoing general anesthesia supplemented by midazolam and fentanyl or sufentanil. Patients received either flumazenil (n = 20) or placebo (n = 10) by random assignment. ⋯ MEs (flumazenil 4.1 +/- 3.8 mg vs. placebo 3.7 +/- 3.2 mg) were not significantly different (p = 0.57) when similar levels of consciousness were compared. The onset of pain was more rapid with flumazenil patients as evidenced by the first analgesic dose at 15.7 +/- 25.1 minutes for the flumazenil group versus 34.7 +/- 43.7 for the placebo group; however, these data were not statistically different (p = 0.144). These results suggest that flumazenil does not increase postoperative analgesic requirements during the immediate postanesthesia period; however, patients receiving flumazenil may experience an earlier onset of postoperative pain.