Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Patient-controlled analgesia. A technical toy or a contribution to the treatment of pain?].
PCA (patient-controlled analgesia) was used to treat postoperative pain after general surgery and gynecological operations in a total of 82 patients. In a prospective randomized study, 20 of these patients received pentazocine and 20 were treated with Fentanyl. The bolus quantity for pentazocine was 15 mg in 5 ml NaCl, and that for Fentanyl 0.05 mg in 5 ml NaCl. ⋯ The majority of patients reported very positive experience with PCA. There were few side effects. Problems arose from the negative attitude of other doctors and the nursing staff, and from some misunderstandings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Analgesic and respiratory effects of epidural sufentanil in patients following thoracotomy.
Immediately following thoracotomy, 22 patients were entered into a randomized, double blind study comparing the effects of three lumbar epidural doses of sufentanil on postoperative pain and respiratory pattern. Patients were given either 30 micrograms (group I), 50 micrograms (group II), or 75 micrograms (group III) of epidural sufentanil in 20 ml N saline. Repeat doses were given on request for the 24-h study period. ⋯ Analgesia was not significantly prolonged by increasing the dose of sufentanil. SRR occurred in all four groups (group I: 2/9; group II: 2/6; group III: 7/7; group IV: 2/10 P less than 0.05 I, IV:II, I, IV:III, II:III). The number of episodes of SRR/hr was highest in group II (group I: 0.6 +/- 0.8, group II: 4.12 +/- 0.6, group III: 1.8 +/- 2.0, group IV: 0.5 +/- 0.2) (NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Low-dose sufentanil as a supplement to halothane/N2O anaesthesia in infants and children.
Sufentanil as a supplement to halothane/N2O anaesthesia was evaluated in 32 unpremedicated infants and children age 6 months to 9 yr undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery. Patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to receive one of four intravenous supplements: placebo, sufentanil 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 micrograms.kg-1. Systolic arterial pressure (SAP), heart rate (HR) and end-tidal halothane concentration were recorded before and after induction, supplement administration, tracheal intubation, incision and every 15 min during the procedure. ⋯ One patient in the sufentanil 1.0 micrograms.kg-1 group whose surgical time was less than 45 min exhibited respiratory depression in the PACU requiring narcotic reversal. In conclusion, sufentanil 0.5 micrograms.kg-1 improved immediate postoperative pain relief and is acceptable as a supplement during halothane anasethesia in infants and children. The associated side effects of larger doses of sufentanil (1.0 and 1.5 micrograms.kg-1) make their use as a supplement to halothane anaesthesia unacceptable.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Analgesic effect of aspirin, mefenamic acid and their combination in post-operative oral surgery pain.
A double-blind randomized single dose study of the analgesic effects of 650 mg aspirin, 250 mg mefenamic acid, the combination of 650 mg aspirin and 250 mg mefenamic acid and placebo on 120 patients with pain following oral surgery was conducted. Patients evaluated their pain intensity and extent of pain relief at 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after drug administration. For most parameters, including the sum of the pain intensity differences and the sum of the hourly pain relief scores, each of the drugs was more effective than placebo. Aspirin-mefenamic acid in combination was more effective than both drugs alone, and aspirin and mefenamic acid alone were equally effective for most of the analgesic variables.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialContinuous infusion epidural analgesia in labor: the effect of adding sufentanil to 0.125% bupivacaine.
The purpose of this study was to determine if the addition of sufentanil would improve the quality of analgesia obtained with 0.125% epidural bupivacaine infusions given to women in active labor. Forty healthy laboring women were randomly assigned to two equal groups. Group 1 had epidural analgesia instituted with the bolus injection of 10-15 ml 0.125% bupivacaine containing sufentanil 2 micrograms/ml, followed 30 minutes later by initiation of an epidural infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine containing sufentanil 1 microgram/ml at a rate of 10 ml/hr. ⋯ Analgesia assessed by visual analog pain scores was significantly better in group 1. Significantly fewer epidural injections were required in group 1, and less motor weakness occurred in these patients. The addition of sufentanil to epidural bupivacaine infusions given in labor improves analgesia and reduces "top-up" requirements.