Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of midazolam, diazepam and placebo i.m. as premedication for regional anaesthesia. A randomized double-blind study.
In a randomized double-blind study, midazolam 0.1 mg kg-1 i.m. was compared with diazepam 0.2 mg kg-1 and placebo as premedication for patients undergoing urological interventions under spinal anaesthesia. The sedative and anxiolytic effects of midazolam were evident 5-10 min after administration, and were maximum between 30 and 90 min. ⋯ Amnesia was not seen in the patients receiving diazepam or placebo and, in contrast to midazolam, diazepam had almost no sleep-inducing effect. In a few patients, the depth of sleep achieved with midazolam 0.1 mg kg-1 was such that co-operation was impaired.
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Arzneimittel Forsch · Jan 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Flupirtine in patients with cancer pain].
In a double-blind clinical trial the analgesic efficacy and safety of ethyl-N-(2-amino-6-[4-fluorophenyl-methylamino] pyridin-3-yl)carbamate (flupirtine, designated trademark: Katadolon) as 100-mg capsules were compared to pentazocine capsules 50 mg in 52 patients with severe to very severe cancer pain. The duration of treatment was up to one week, the daily dose up to 6 capsules. The analgesic effect was assessed by a 4-point verbal rating scale. ⋯ Final evaluation demonstrated that flupirtine was significantly more effective than pentazocine in reducing pain. The incidence of side-effects was similar in both treatment groups, flupirtine, however, caused less intensive and less clinically relevant adverse reactions. In conclusion the results indicate that flupirtine is a potent and well tolerated analgesic in the treatment of cancer pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Alfentanil in minor gynaecological surgery: use with etomidate and a comparison with halothane.
Etomidate was used to induce anaesthesia in 50 healthy subjects undergoing minor gynaecological surgery who were randomly divided into two groups, one receiving alfentanil 8 micrograms/kg intravenously immediately prior to induction of anaesthesia with etomidate, and the other halothane as required to maintain adequate anaesthesia. There was a highly significant reduction in the incidence of myoclonia and involuntary movement and significant reduction of pain on injection in the alfentanil group. Tests of recovery performed in the 60 minutes following anaesthesia suggested that supplementation with alfentanil led to more rapid recovery than halothane.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The analgesic effect of a low dose of alfentanil.
The effect of a single small dose of alfentanil (6 micrograms/kg) on postoperative pain was compared with saline using a double blind study. Pain was assessed using a linear analogue scale and shown to decrease at 2, 5 and 10 minutes after injection of alfentanil (p less than 0.01). ⋯ There were no changes in pain or PE'CO2 in the control group throughout the study. Intravenous alfentanil given to patients in pain provides quick effective analgesia for a short period of time, but respiratory depression may occur.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The relative analgesic efficacy of propiram fumarate, codeine, aspirin, and placebo in post-impaction dental pain.
To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of orally administered 50 mg propiram fumarate, 650 mg aspirin, 60 mg codeine phosphate, and placebo in acute post-impaction dental pain, 159 patients with moderate or severe pain were randomly allocated to the four treatments in this single-dose double-blind, stratified, parallel-group study. A research nurse questioned the patients at 1/2 hour and hourly for 6 hours after medicating. ⋯ Propiram, 50 mg, produced a level of analgesia approaching that of 650 mg aspirin in peak effect, total effect, and duration of action and was statistically superior to 60 mg codeine and placebo for every measure of analgesic efficacy. Several mild adverse effects were observed; however, they appeared to be evenly distributed among the active treatments.