Articles: analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of carprofen and pethidine as postoperative analgesics in the cat.
The postoperative analgesia and sedation in cats given carprofen (4.0 mg/kg bodyweight by subcutaneous injection preoperatively) was compared to that in cats given pethidine (3.3 mg/kg bodyweight by intramuscular injection postoperatively) in a controlled, randomised, blinded, multicentre clinical trial. Further dosing with the particular analgesic was allowed if a cat was exhibiting unacceptable pain. ⋯ In conclusion, carprofen provided as good a level of postoperative analgesia as pethidine, but of a longer duration (at least 24 hours) and was well tolerated. It thus provides an option for 'pre-emptive analgesia' in cats about to undergo surgery.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Quality of life and cancer pain: satisfaction and side effects with transdermal fentanyl versus oral morphine.
To compare pain-related treatment satisfaction, patient-perceived side effects, functioning, and well-being in patients with advanced cancer who were receiving either transdermal fentanyl (Duragesic, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ) or sustained-release oral forms of morphine (MS Contin, Perdue Frederick Co, Norwalk, CT, or Oramorph SR, Roxanne Laboratories, Columbus, OH). ⋯ These data suggest that patients are more satisfied with transdermal fentanyl compared with sustained-release oral forms of morphine. A lower frequency and reduced impact of side effects with transdermal fentanyl may be one reason cancer patients who receive fentanyl are more satisfied with their pain management.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Remifentanil in combination with propofol for spontaneous ventilation anaesthesia.
We have investigated the effect of four doses of remifentanil on the incidence of respiratory depression and somatic response at incision. Remifentanil was administered as a loading dose of 0.125, 0.25, 0.375 or 0.5 microgram kg-1 and at a maintenance infusion rate of 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 or 0.1 microgram kg-1 min-1, respectively, with an infusion of propofol 6 mg kg-1 h-1. Responses occurred in 88% of patients with remifentanil 0.025 microgram kg-1 min-1 compared with 30-40% in the other groups. ⋯ Reductions in remifentanil doses to 0.025-0.05 microgram kg-1 min-1 resulted in adequate respiration at the end of surgery in 88% of patients. Maintenance infusions of the two drugs for spontaneous ventilation are likely to be in these ranges. However, the ideal loading doses and infusion rates for induction remain to be established.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialEfficacy of propacetamol in the treatment of postoperative pain. Morphine-sparing effect in orthopedic surgery. Italian Collaborative Group on Propacetamol.
Combined analgesic regimens have been suggested to improve the treatment of postoperative pain. The aim of our study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of propacetamol, in combination with morphine. ⋯ These results confirm a significant morphine-sparing effect, significantly better scores in the final assessment by patients, and a good tolerability of propacetamol after orthopedic surgery. The drug may, therefore, represent a useful alternative to NSAIDs, as complementary drug to opioids, in the management of moderate/severe postoperative pain.
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Cancer investigation · Jan 1998
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialLong-term administration of controlled-release oxycodone tablets for the treatment of cancer pain.
We conducted a study of the safety of controlled-release (CR) oxycodone tablets (OxyContin Tablets) administered chronically to patients with cancer-related pain in a usual clinical setting. These patients had participated in 1 of 2 double-blind, active-control studies. Our study was an open, 3-month treatment study that included 87 patients. ⋯ Despite stable pain control and an increasing total daily CR oxycodone dose, the percentage of patients reporting common opioid-related adverse events decreased over the course of the study. CR oxycodone tablets administered every 12 hr were successfully used to manage cancer pain over a 12-week period. Importantly, side effects diminished over time without a concomitant change in efficacy.