Articles: hypnotics-sedatives-adverse-effects.
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Benzodiazepine and related sedative use has been increasing. There has been a growing number of unregulated novel psychoactive substances, including designer benzodiazepines. ⋯ The quality of evidence on medications for benzodiazepine discontinuation is overall low, whereas cognitive behavioral therapy has shown the most benefit in terms of behavioral treatments. Benzodiazepines may also have significant adverse effects, increasing the risk of overdose and death.
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Hemodynamic instability is a frequent adverse effect following administration of dexmedetomidine (DMED). In this study, we evaluated the incidence of DMED-induced hemodynamic instability and its predictive factors in clinical regional anesthesia practice. ⋯ Female and obese patients are more likely to have hemodynamic instability following intravenous DMED administration in clinical regional anesthesia practice. This study suggests that DMED dose may be diminished to prevent hypotensive risk in these populations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Investigation Of The Effects Of Propofol/Ketamine Versus Propofol/Fentanyl On Nausea-Vomiting Administered For Sedation In Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blinded Study.
In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of propofol-ketamine and propofol-fentanyl sedations on post- procedure nausea-vomiting in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ In our study, we showed that the vomiting rate was higher in the 1st hour in Group K compared to Group F.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Aug 2021
Effect of Sedatives on In-hospital and Long-term Mortality of Critically Ill Patients Requiring Extended Mechanical Ventilation for ≥ 48 Hours.
The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between sedatives and mortality in critically ill patients who required mechanical ventilation (MV) for ≥ 48 hours from 2008 to 2016. ⋯ In critically ill patients undergoing MV for ≥ 48 hour, the use of benzodiazepines for sedation, older age, and chronic kidney disease were associated with higher in-hospital mortality and one-year mortality. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of benzodiazepines on the mortality in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease requiring MV for ≥ 48 hours.
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To determine the association between preoperative benzodiazepine and nonbenzodiazepine receptor agonist ("Z-drugs") use and adverse outcomes after surgery. ⋯ Preoperative benzodiazepines and Z-drug use is common and associated with increased odds of adverse outcomes after surgery, particularly when coprescribed with opioids. Counseling on appropriate benzodiazepine and Z-drug use in advance of elective surgery may potentially increase the safety of surgical care.