Articles: trauma.
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Gender-oriented studies in shock, trauma, and/or sepsis require accurate monitoring of hormonal fluctuations as estrogens may influence various end points. Yet, monitoring is challenging in small laboratory animals: e.g., despite its subjectivity, vaginal smears are the major method for determination of estrus cycle phases in mice. Using female mice of different age, we aimed to (a) characterize general age-related changes in systemic estrogens and (b) examine the utility of determination of the estrus cycle by vaginal smears and/or impedance simultaneously comparing them with oscillation of systemic estrogens. ⋯ In conclusion, while the fecal estrogens oscillation and frequency of estrus phase were affected by age, the systemic hormone release persisted. In mice, vaginal cytology did not reflect changes of systemic (fecal) estrogens, whereas impedance accurately identified estrus. The flaws and advantages of the examined monitoring methods should be considered in the design of future shock studies.
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In November 2011, University Hospital Southampton (UHS), now a major trauma centre, opened its onsite helipad, allowing patients to be brought to the emergency department (ED) directly by air ambulance. Prior to this, helicopters were required to land at a local playing field and the patient had to be transferred by land ambulance. This study aims to investigate the impact this change in practice has had on the flow of patients to the ED. ⋯ The provision of an onsite, 24 h helipad facility at UHS has resulted in a significant number of patients being transported to the hospital by helicopter who might otherwise have attended an alternative hospital.
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Although women in the military are exposed to combat and its aftermath, little is known about whether combat as well as pre-deployment risk/protective factors differentially predict post-deployment PTSD symptoms among women compared to men. The current study assesses the influence of combat-related stressors and pre-deployment risk/protective factors on women's risk of developing PTSD symptoms following deployment relative to men's risk. ⋯ Elevated PTSD symptoms among female service members were not explained simply by gender differences in pre-deployment or deployment-related risk factors. Combat related stressors, prior interpersonal victimization, and pre-deployment concerns about life and family disruptions during deployment were differentially associated with greater post-deployment PTSD symptoms for women than men.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Feb 2014
Parental Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress After Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
To investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms in parents of children who have been supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and to explore associated factors. ⋯ A substantial number of parents in this population experience posttraumatic stress symptom. Psychological interventions may be targeted toward those whose child has had ongoing illness before extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
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Comparative Study
Midterm effects of fluid resuscitation strategies in an experimental model of lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock.
This study compared three different fluid resuscitation strategies in terms of respiratory tolerance and hemodynamic efficacy in a pig model of blunt chest trauma with lung contusion and controlled hemorrhagic shock. We hypothesized that the choice of fluid resuscitation strategy (type and amount of fluids) may impact differently contused lungs in terms of extravascular lung water (EVLW) 20 h after trauma. ⋯ This study demonstrated the impact of fluid resuscitation on contused lungs. Twenty hours after the trauma, all three resuscitation approaches showed modest clinical consequences, with moderate lung edema and reduced compliance in response to the infused volume.