Articles: trauma.
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Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol · Jan 2010
ReviewAdvances in small gap sleeve bridging peripheral nerve injury.
Abstract: Nerve regeneration and re-innervation are usually difficult after peripheral nerve injury. Epineurium neurorrhaphy to recover the nerve continuity was the traditional choice of peripheral nerve mutilation without nerve defects, whereas the functional recovery was not quite satisfactory. In this article, the authors review the literature focused on peripheral nerve injury research and possible clinical application, including introducing peripheral nerve selective regeneration theory, small gap sleeve bridging nerve methodepineurium neurorrhaphy, kinds of biological conduit, and microenvironment research between nerve stumps.
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Higher levels of tourniquet pressure and higher pressure gradients beneath tourniquet cuffs are associated with a higher risk of nerve-related injury. Measurement of limb occlusion pressure can help to minimize tourniquet pressure levels and pressure gradients for individual patients and individual surgical procedures. Selective use of pneumatic, wider, and contoured tourniquet cuffs reduces tourniquet pressure levels and the applied pressure gradients.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Dec 2009
ReviewDeadly partners: interdependence of alcohol and trauma in the clinical setting.
Trauma is the leading cause of death for Americans aged 1 to 45. Over a third of all fatal motor vehicle collisions and nearly eighty percent of completed suicides involve alcohol. ⋯ Fortunately, brief interventions after alcohol-related traumatic events have been shown to decrease both trauma recidivism and long-term alcohol use. This review will address the epidemiology of alcohol-related trauma, the influence of alcohol on mortality and other outcomes, and the role of prevention in alcohol-related trauma, within the confines of the clinical setting.
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With the onset of improved protective equipment against fragmentation, blast-induced neurotrauma has emerged as the "signature wound" of the current conflicts in the Middle East. Current research has focused on this phenomenon; however, the exact mechanism of injury and ways to mitigate the ensuing pathophysiology remain largely unknown. The data presented and literature reviewed formed the fundamentals of a successful grant from the U.S. Office of Naval Research to Wayne State University. ⋯ A physiologic- or biofidelic-based blast-induced tolerance curve may redefine current acceleration-based curves that are only valid to assess tertiary blast injury. Identification of additional pharmaceutical candidates will both confirm or deny current hypotheses on neural pathways of continued injury and help to develop novel prophylactic treatments.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2009
ReviewPediatric neurointensive care: 2008 update for the Rogers' Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care.
To review important articles, in the field of pediatric neurointensive care, that were published subsequent to the fourth edition of the Rogers' Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care. ⋯ Developments in the field and practice of pediatric neurocritical care continue with significant additions to the literature and practice recommendations concerning care following traumatic brain injury, cardiac arrest, status epilepticus, and cerebrovascular events. Importantly, the continued progression in knowledge raises the health services issue of whether, in certain settings of high clinical volume, it is time for specialized pediatric neurointensive care services or units.